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This paper summarizes the idea of Tiered-Latency DRAM (TL-DRAM), which was published in HPCA 2013, and examines the work's significance and future potential. The capacity and cost-per-bit of DRAM have historically scaled to satisfy the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Donghyuk Lee , Yoongu Kim , Vivek Seshadri , Jamie Liu , Lavanya Subramanian , Onur Mutlu

Large number of cores and hardware resource sharing are two characteristics on multicore processors, which bring new challenges for the design of operating systems. How to locate and analyze the speedup restrictive factors in operating…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2015-12-23 Yan Cui

Modern applications process massive data volumes that overwhelm the storage and retrieval capabilities of memory systems, making memory the primary performance and energy-efficiency bottleneck of computing systems. Although many…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Rahul Bera

The aim of parallel computing is to increase an application performance by executing the application on multiple processors. OpenMP is an API that supports multi platform shared memory programming model and shared-memory programs are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-11-12 Vibha Rajput , Alok Katiyar

Memory latency, bandwidth, capacity, and energy increasingly limit performance. In this paper, we reconsider proposed system architectures that consist of huge (many-terabyte to petabyte scale) memories shared among large numbers of CPUs.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Samuel Dayo , Shuhan Liu , Peijing Li , Philip Levis , Subhasish Mitra , Thierry Tambe , David Tennenhouse , H. -S. Philip Wong

To mitigate the performance gap between CPU and the main memory, multi-level cache architectures are widely used in modern processors. Therefore, modeling the behaviors of the downstream caches becomes a critical part of the processor…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Ming Ling , Jiancong Ge , Guangmin Wang

The disaggregated memory (DM) architecture offers high resource elasticity at the cost of data access performance. While caching frequently accessed data in compute nodes (CNs) reduces access overhead, it requires costly centralized…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Hanze Zhang , Kaiming Wang , Rong Chen , Xingda Wei , Haibo Chen

Performance modeling of parallel applications on multicore computers remains a challenge in computational co-design due to the complex design of multicore processors including private and shared memory hierarchies. We present a Scalable…

We derive tight bounds on cache misses for evaluation of explicit stencil operators on structured grids. Our lower bound is based on the isoperimetrical property of the discrete octahedron. Our upper bound is based on good surface to volume…

Performance · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Michael A. Frumkin , Rob F. Van der Wijngaart

A number of known techniques for improving cache performance in scientific computations involve the reordering of the iteration space. Some of these reorderings can be considered coverings of the iteration space with sets having small…

Performance · Computer Science 2009-09-29 Michael Frumkin , Rob F. Van der Wijngaart

The growing demand for efficient, high-performance processing in machine learning (ML) and image processing has made hardware accelerators, such as GPUs and Data Streaming Accelerators (DSAs), increasingly essential. These accelerators…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Qunyou Liu , Marina Zapater , David Atienza

Memory caches are being aggressively used in today's data-parallel frameworks such as Spark, Tez and Storm. By caching input and intermediate data in memory, compute tasks can witness speedup by orders of magnitude. To maximize the chance…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Yinghao Yu , Wei Wang , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Disk access latency and transfer times are often considered to have a major and detrimental impact on the running time of software. Developers are often advised to favour in-memory operations and minimise disk access. Furthermore, diskless…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-03-31 Kamran Karimi , Diwakar Krishnamurthy , Parissa Mirjafari

The system-level cache is a critical resource shared by processor cores and domain-specific accelerators in heterogeneous systems on chips (SoCs). The strict QoS requirements of accelerators, such as deadlines, can lead to severe…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ayushi Agarwal , Anannya Mathur , Preeti Ranjan Panda

Directory-based protocols have been the de facto solution for maintaining cache coherence in shared-memory parallel systems comprising multi/many cores, where each store instruction is eagerly made globally visible by invalidating the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2012-10-09 Daofu Liu , Yunji Chen , Qi Guo , Tianshi Chen , Ling Li , Qunfeng Dong , Weiwu Hu

We present the Cuckoo Trie, a fast, memory-efficient ordered index structure. The Cuckoo Trie is designed to have memory-level parallelism -- which a modern out-of-order processor can exploit to execute DRAM accesses in parallel -- without…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Adar Zeitak , Adam Morrison

In this paper we present randomized algorithms for sorting and convex hull that achieves optimal performance (for speed-up and cache misses) on the multicore model with private cache model. Our algorithms are cache oblivious and generalize…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-05-29 Neeraj Sharma , Sandeep Sen

Multiple applications executing concurrently on a multicore system interfere with each other at different shared resources such as main memory and shared caches. Such inter-application interference, if uncontrolled, results in high system…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-14 Lavanya Subramanian

Recent studies highlighting the vulnerability of computer architecture to information leakage attacks have been a cause of significant concern. Among the various classes of microarchitectural attacks, cache timing channels are especially…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Fan Yao , Hongyu Fang , Milos Doroslovacki , Guru Venkataramani

Edge computing is the practice of placing computing resources at the edges of the Internet in close proximity to devices and information sources. This, much like a cache on a CPU, increases bandwidth and reduces latency for applications but…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Paul Wood , Heng Zhang , Muhammad-Bilal Siddiqui , Saurabh Bagchi