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Radio Resource Management (RRM) in 5G mobile communication is a challenging problem for which Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) have shown promising results. Accelerating the compute-intensive RNN inference is therefore of utmost importance.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-07 Renzo Andri , Tomas Henriksson , Luca Benini

The increasing complexity of Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications and near-sensor processing algorithms is pushing the computational power of low-power, battery-operated end-node systems. This trend also reveals growing demands for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Hayate Okuhara , Ahmed Elnaqib , Martino Dazzi , Pierpaolo Palestri , Simone Benatti , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

The end of Dennard scaling has pushed power consumption into a first order concern for current systems, on par with performance. As a result, near-threshold voltage computing (NTVC) has been proposed as a potential means to tackle the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-03-30 Charalampos Chalios , Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos , Enrique S. Quintana-Orti

Graphics processing units (GPUs) excel at parallel processing, but remain largely unexplored in ultra-low-power edge devices (TinyAI) due to their power and area limitations, as well as the lack of suitable programming frameworks. To…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Simone Machetti , Pasquale Davide Schiavone , Lara Orlandic , Darong Huang , Deniz Kasap , Giovanni Ansaloni , David Atienza

Developing accurate and reliable Compute-In-Memory (CIM) architectures is becoming a key research focus to accelerate Artificial Intelligence (AI) tasks on hardware, particularly Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). In that regard, there has been…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Omar Numan , Gaurav Singh , Kazybek Adam , Jelin Leslin , Aleksi Korsman , Otto Simola , Marko Kosunen , Jussi Ryynänen , Martin Andraud

High-Performance Computing (HPC) processors are nowadays integrated Cyber-Physical Systems demanding complex and high-bandwidth closed-loop power and thermal control strategies. To efficiently satisfy real-time multi-input multi-output…

To meet the computational requirements of modern workloads under tight energy constraints, general-purpose accelerator architectures have to integrate an ever-increasing number of extremely area- and energy-efficient processing elements…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Luca Colagrande , Luca Benini

We introduce an open-source architecture for next-generation Radio-Access Network baseband processing: 1024 latency-tolerant 32-bit RISC-V cores share 4 MiB of L1 memory via an ultra-low latency interconnect (7-11 cycles), a modular Direct…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yichao Zhang , Marco Bertuletti , Chi Zhang , Samuel Riedel , Alessandro Vanelli-Coralli , Luca Benini

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a widely adopted cryptographic algorithm essential for securing embedded systems and IoT platforms. However, existing AES hardware accelerators often face limitations in performance, energy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Van Tinh Nguyen , Phuc Hung Pham , Vu Trung Duong Le , Hoai Luan Pham , Tuan Hai Vu , Thi Diem Tran

The growing number of low-power smart devices in the Internet of Things is coupled with the concept of "Edge Computing", that is moving some of the intelligence, especially machine learning, towards the edge of the network. Enabling machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Xiaying Wang , Michele Magno , Lukas Cavigelli , Luca Benini

Near-sensor data analytics is a promising direction for IoT endpoints, as it minimizes energy spent on communication and reduces network load - but it also poses security concerns, as valuable data is stored or sent over the network at…

Modern data-driven applications expose limitations of von Neumann architectures - extensive data movement, low throughput, and poor energy efficiency. Accelerators improve performance but lack flexibility and require data transfers.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Vincenzo Petrolo , Flavia Guella , Michele Caon , Pasquale Davide Schiavone , Guido Masera , Maurizio Martina

While Transformers are dominated by Floating-Point (FP) Matrix-Multiplications, their aggressive acceleration through dedicated hardware or many-core programmable systems has shifted the performance bottleneck to non-linear functions like…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Run Wang , Gamze Islamoglu , Andrea Belano , Viviane Potocnik , Francesco Conti , Angelo Garofalo , Luca Benini

We present HeartStream, a 64-RV-core shared-L1-memory cluster (410 GFLOP/s peak performance and 204.8 GBps L1 bandwidth) for energy-efficient AI-enhanced O-RAN. The cores and cluster architecture are customized for baseband processing,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yichao Zhang , Marco Bertuletti , Sergio Mazzola , Samuel Riedel , Luca Benini

Modern high-performance computing architectures (Multicore, GPU, Manycore) are based on tightly-coupled clusters of processing elements, physically implemented as rectangular tiles. Their size and aspect ratio strongly impact the achievable…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Gianna Paulin , Matheus Cavalcante , Paul Scheffler , Luca Bertaccini , Yichao Zhang , Frank Gürkaynak , Luca Benini

Computationally intensive algorithms such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are becoming killer applications for edge devices. Porting heavily data-parallel algorithms on resource-constrained and battery-powered devices poses several…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Gianmarco Ottavi , Angelo Garofalo , Giuseppe Tagliavini , Francesco Conti , Alfio Di Mauro , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

Deep Neural Networks are becoming increasingly popular in always-on IoT edge devices performing data analytics right at the source, reducing latency as well as energy consumption for data communication. This paper presents CMSIS-NN,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-23 Liangzhen Lai , Naveen Suda , Vikas Chandra

This paper presents a PVT-resilient, subthreshold SRAM-based computing-in-memory (CIM) macro tailored for energy-efficient spiking neural networks (SNNs). The macro integrates in-situ current sensors and distributed voltage regulators to…

Data-parallel applications, such as data analytics, machine learning, and scientific computing, are placing an ever-growing demand on floating-point operations per second on emerging systems. With increasing integration density, the quest…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Florian Zaruba , Fabian Schuiki , Torsten Hoefler , Luca Benini

This work presents Bio-RV, a compact and resource-efficient RISC-V processor intended for biomedical control applications, such as accelerator-based biomedical SoCs and implantable pacemaker systems. The proposed Bio-RV is a multi-cycle…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Vijay Pratap Sharma , Annu Kumar , Mohd Faisal Khan , Mukul Lokhande , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma