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Reconstructing the structural geology and mineral composition of the first few kilometers of the Earth's subsurface from sparse or indirect surface observations remains a long-standing challenge with critical applications in mineral…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Simon Ghyselincks , Valeriia Okhmak , Stefano Zampini , George Turkiyyah , David Keyes , Eldad Haber

We introduce a novel learning-based method to reconstruct the high-quality geometry and complex, spatially-varying BRDF of an arbitrary object from a sparse set of only six images captured by wide-baseline cameras under collocated point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Sai Bi , Zexiang Xu , Kalyan Sunkavalli , David Kriegman , Ravi Ramamoorthi

X-ray interaction with matter is an energy-dependent process that is contingent on the atomic structure of the constituent material elements. The most advanced models to capture this relationship currently rely on Monte Carlo (MC)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Raziye Kubra Kumrular , Thomas Blumensath

Accurate object geometry estimation is essential for many downstream tasks, including robotic manipulation and physical interaction. Although vision is the dominant modality for shape perception, it becomes unreliable under occlusions or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Langzhe Gu , Hung-Jui Huang , Mohamad Qadri , Michael Kaess , Wenzhen Yuan

Object detection in astronomical images, generically referred to as source finding, is often performed before the object characterisation stage in astrophysical processing work flows. In radio astronomy, source finding has historically been…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-16 Luis Lucas , Tim Staley , Anna Scaife

Seismic imaging is the numerical process of creating a volumetric representation of the subsurface geological structures from elastic waves recorded at the surface of the Earth. As such, it is widely utilized in the energy and construction…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-11-05 Juan Romero , Wolfgang Heidrich , Nick Luiken , Matteo Ravasi

In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate how discrete resonances can be used to image acoustic sources and mechanical changes in thin plates with different boundary shapes. The proposed method uses coupled numerical and experimental…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-02-06 Martin Lott , Antonio S. Gliozzi , Federico Bosia

In an environment where acoustic privacy or deliberate signal obfuscation is desired, it is necessary to mask the acoustic signature generated in essential operations. We consider the problem of masking the effect of an acoustic source in a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-22 Hongyun Wang , Hong Zhou

We propose a new, efficient multi-scale method to decompose a map (or signal in general) into components maps that contain structures of different sizes. In the widely-used wave transform, artifacts containing negative values arise around…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-11 Guang-Xing Li

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques appeal to a broad range of scientific and industrial applications. Typically, projection slice theorem enables multiple two-dimensional (2D) projections of an object to be combined in the Fourier…

Optics · Physics 2013-11-19 Leigh S. Martin , Chien-Chun Chen , Jianwei Miao

Frequency-domain electromagnetic instruments allow the collection of data in different configurations, that is, varying the intercoil spacing, the frequency, and the height above the ground. Their handy size makes these tools very practical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-21 Gian Piero Deidda , Patricia Diaz de Alba , Giuseppe Rodriguez , Giulio Vignoli

The use of electron mirrors in aberration correction and surface-sensitive microscopy techniques such as low-energy electron microscopy has been established. However, in this work, by implementing an easy to construct, fully electrostatic…

In this third part of a multi-paper series, we present quantitative image reconstruction results from aerial measurements of eight different surrogate distributed gamma-ray sources on flat terrain. We show that our quantitative imaging…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-03 Jayson R. Vavrek , Jaewon Lee , Marco Salathe , Mark S. Bandstra , Daniel Hellfeld , Brian J. Quiter , Tenzing H. Y. Joshi

We propose a full-wave pseudo-analytical numerical electromagnetic (EM) algorithm to model subsurface induction sensors, traversing planar-layered geological formations of arbitrary EM material anisotropy and loss, which are used, for…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-04-20 Kamalesh Sainath , Fernando L. Teixeira

There are many approaches to weakly-supervised training of networks to segment 2D images. By contrast, existing approaches to segmenting volumetric images rely on full-supervision of a subset of 2D slices of the 3D volume. We propose an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Udaranga Wickramasinghe , Patrick M. Jensen , Mian Shah , Jiancheng Yang , Pascal Fua

We present an algorithm capable of detecting diffuse, dim sources of any size in an astronomical image. These sources often defeat traditional methods for source finding, which expand regions around points of high intensity. Extended…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-05 T. Butler-Yeoman , M. Frean , C. P. Hollitt , D. W. Hogg , M. Johnston-Hollitt

Precise 3D measurements of rigid surfaces are desired in many fields of application like quality control or surgery. Often, views from all around the object have to be acquired for a full 3D description of the object surface. We present a…

Optics · Physics 2014-01-10 Oliver Arold , Svenja Ettl , Florian Willomitzer , Gerd Häusler

This paper designs a technique route to generate high-quality panoramic image with depth information, which involves two critical research hotspots: fusion of LiDAR and image data and image stitching. For the fusion of 3D points and image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Hao Ma , Jingbin Liu , Zhirong Hu , Hongyu Qiu , Dong Xu , Zemin Wang , Xiaodong Gong , Sheng Yang

We present 3D Surface Splatting (3DSS), the first differentiable surface splatting renderer for physically-based inverse rendering from multi-view images. Our central insight is that the surface separation problem at the heart of surface…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Mae Younes , Adnane Boukhayma

We demonstrate electromagnetic induction imaging with an unshielded, portable radio-frequency atomic magnetometer scanning over the target object. This configuration satisfies standard requirements in typical applications, from security…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Cameron Deans , Yuval Cohen , Han Yao , Benjamin Maddox , Antonio Vigilante , Ferruccio Renzoni