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We investigate the role of nondeterminism in Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM), which was conceived to model artificial molecular self-assembling systems constructed from DNA. Of particular practical importance is to find tile…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-11-29 Nathaniel Bryans , Ehsan Chiniforooshan , David Doty , Lila Kari , Shinnosuke Seki

We present a series of results related to mathematical models of self-assembling tiles and the impacts that three diverse properties have on their dynamics. We expand upon a series of prior results which showed that (1) the abstract Tile…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Daniel Hader , Aaron Koch , Matthew J. Patitz , Michael Sharp

Algorithmic self-assembly occurs when disorganized components autonomously combine to form structures and, by their design and the dynamics of the system, are forced to follow the execution of algorithms. Motivated by applications in…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

The abstract tile assembly model (aTam) is a model of DNA self-assembly. Most of the studies focus on cooperative aTAM where a form of synchronization between the tiles is possible. Simulating Turing machines is achievable in this context.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Sergiu Ivanov , Damien Regnault

We prove that the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) of nanoscale self-assembly is intrinsically universal. This means that there is a single tile assembly system U that, with proper initialization, simulates any tile assembly system T.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-04-10 David Doty , Jack H. Lutz , Matthew J. Patitz , Robert T. Schweller , Scott M. Summers , Damien Woods

In the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) square tiles self-assemble, autonomously binding via glues on their edges, to form structures. Algorithmic aTAM systems can be designed in which the patterns of tile attachments are forced to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Andrew Alseth , Matthew J. Patitz

In this paper we explore the power of tile self-assembly models that extend the well-studied abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) by permitting tiles of shapes beyond unit squares. Our main result shows the surprising fact that any aTAM…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-12-20 Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Sándor P. Fekete , Matthew J. Patitz , Robert T. Schweller , Andrew Winslow , Damien Woods

In this paper, we explore relationships between two models of systems which are governed by only the local interactions of large collections of simple components: cellular automata (CA) and the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM). While…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2013-09-09 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz

Self-assembly is a process which is ubiquitous in natural, especially biological systems. It occurs when groups of relatively simple components spontaneously combine to form more complex structures. While such systems have inspired a large…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-07-19 Jerome Durand-Lose , Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Ian Perkins , Michael Sharp

Sequence-directed assembly processes - such as protein folding - allow the assembly of a large number of structures with high accuracy from only a small handful of fundamental building blocks. We aim to explore how efficiently sequence…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Jeremy Guntoro , Thomas Ouldridge

We show that the Tile Assembly Model exhibits a strong notion of universality where the goal is to give a single tile assembly system that simulates the behavior of any other tile assembly system. We give a tile assembly system that is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-09-08 David Doty , Jack H. Lutz , Matthew J. Patitz , Scott M. Summers , Damien Woods

Perhaps the two most significant theoretical questions about the programming of self-assembling agents are: (1) necessary and sufficient conditions to produce a unique terminal assembly, and (2) error correction. We address both questions,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-16 Aaron Sterling

This short survey of recent work in tile self-assembly discusses the use of simulation to classify and separate the computational and expressive power of self-assembly models. The journey begins with the result that there is a single…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Damien Woods

In this paper we explore the power of geometry to overcome the limitations of non-cooperative self-assembly. We define a generalization of the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM), such that a tile system consists of a collection of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-08-20 Sándor P. Fekete , Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers , Robert T. Schweller

Since its introduction by Erik Winfree in 1998, the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) has inspired a wealth of research. As an abstract model for tile based self-assembly, it has proven to be remarkably powerful and expressive in terms of…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Matthew J. Patitz

We present a strict separation between the class of "mismatch free" self-assembly systems and general aTAM systems. Mismatch free systems are those systems in which concurrently grown parts must always agree with each other. Tile…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-02-20 Florent Becker , Pierre-Étienne Meunier

In this paper we investigate the computational power of the polygonal tile assembly model (polygonal TAM) at temperature 1, i.e. in non-cooperative systems. The polygonal TAM is an extension of Winfree's abstract tile assembly model (aTAM)…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-08-20 Oscar Gilbert , Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers

Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) is a model of molecular self-assembly of DNA complexes known as tiles, which float freely in solution and attach one at a time to a growing "seed" assembly based on specific binding sites on…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Ho-Lin Chen , David Doty , Shinnosuke Seki

In this paper we define the Dupled abstract Tile Assembly Model (DaTAM), which is a slight extension to the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) that allows for not only the standard square tiles, but also "duple" tiles which are rectangles…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-03-10 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers , Scott M. Summers

In this work we propose a generalization of Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) in which tile types are assigned rigid shapes, or geometries, along each tile face. We examine the number of distinct tile types needed to assemble…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Bin Fu , Matthew J. Patitz , Robert T. Schweller , Bobby Sheline
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