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The spontaneous breaking of symmetries is a widespread phenomenon in physics. When time translational symmetry is spontaneously broken, an exotic nonequilibrium state of matter in which the same structures repeat themselves in time can…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-12-10 Marina Evers , Raphael Wittkowski

We identify a time crystal phase characterized by a frequency half of the driving frequency in disordered superconductors by employing the time dependent Bogoliubov-de Gennes formalism at zero temperature with a periodically driven coupling…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-11-21 Bo Fan , Zi Cai , Antonio M. García-García

We analytically identify a new class of quantum scars protected by spatiotemporal translation symmetries, dubbed Floquet-Bloch scars. They distinguish from previous (quasi-)static scars by a rigid spectral pairing only possible in Floquet…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2022-09-20 Biao Huang , Tsz-Him Leung , Dan Stamper-Kurn , W. Vincent Liu

Dissipative time crystals can appear in spin systems, when the $Z_2$ symmetry of the Hamiltonian is broken by the environment, and the square of total spin operator $S^2$ is conserved. In this manuscript, we relax the latter condition and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-22 Gianluca Passarelli , Procolo Lucignano , Rosario Fazio , Angelo Russomanno

We show that a one-dimensional chain of trapped ions can be engineered to produce a quantum mechanical system with discrete scale invariance and fractal-like time dependence. By discrete scale invariance we mean a system that replicates…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-07-31 Dean Lee , Jacob Watkins , Dillon Frame , Gabriel Given , Rongzheng He , Ning Li , Bing-Nan Lu , Avik Sarkar

Our understanding of phases of matter relies on symmetry breaking, one example being water ice whose crystalline structure breaks the continuous translation symmetry of space. Recently, breaking of time translation symmetry was observed in…

In analogy with crystalline solids around us, Wilczek recently proposed the idea of "time crystals" as phases that spontaneously break the continuous time translation into a discrete subgroup. The proposal stimulated further studies and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-26 Haruki Watanabe , Masaki Oshikawa

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are new phases of matter characterized by the presence of an observable evolving with $nT$ periodicity under a $T$-periodic Hamiltonian, where $n>1$ is an integer insensitive to small parameter variations. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-17 Pekik Nurwantoro , Raditya Weda Bomantara , Jiangbin Gong

We demonstrate the emergence of a time crystal of atoms in a high-finesse optical cavity driven by a phase-modulated transverse pump field, resulting in a shaken lattice. This shaken system exhibits macroscopic oscillations in the number of…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-11-27 Jayson G. Cosme , Jim Skulte , Ludwig Mathey

It is known that the spontaneous time translation symmetry breaking can occur in systems periodically driven at a certain period. We predict a spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry in an atom-cavity system without external…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-08 T. T. Sergeev , A. A. Zyablovsky , E. S. Andrianov , Yu. E. Lozovik

The Lorentz symmetry and the space and time translational symmetry are fundamental symmetries of nature. Crystals are the manifestation of the continuous space translational symmetry being spontaneously broken into a discrete one. We argue…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-02-20 Pei Wang

Periodically driven (Floquet) phases are attractive due to their ability to host unique physical phenomena with no static counterparts. We propose a general approach in nontrivially devising a square-root version of existing Floquet phases,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-08-25 Raditya Weda Bomantara

By analogy with the formation of space crystals, crystalline structures can also appear in the time domain. While in the case of space crystals we often ask about periodic arrangements of atoms in space at a moment of a detection, in time…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-05-31 K. Giergiel , A. Dauphin , M. Lewenstein , J. Zakrzewski , K. Sacha

Time crystals are quantum many-body systems which, due to interactions between particles, are able to spontaneously self-organize their motion in a periodic way in time by analogy with the formation of crystalline structures in space in…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-04-04 Krzysztof Giergiel , Artur Miroszewski , Krzysztof Sacha

We introduce the time glass, a non-periodic analogue of the discrete time crystal that arises in periodically driven dissipative quantum many-body systems. This phase is defined by two key features: (i) spatial long-range order arising from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-11 Taiki Haga

Continuous time-translation symmetry is often spontaneously broken in open quantum systems, and the condition for their emergence has been actively investigated. However, there are only a few cases in which its condition for appearance has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Yuma Nakanishi , Ryo Hanai , Tomohiro Sasamoto

The addition of uniaxial random fields to the XY model induces an order-by disorder transition, in which the XY magnet develops a spontaneous magnetization in the direction perpendicular to the uniaxial random field. Here, we use…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-09-25 Sayan Basak , Karin A. Dahmen , Erica W. Carlson

Higher-order and fractional discrete time crystals (DTCs) are exotic phases of matter where the discrete time translation symmetry is broken into higher-order and non-integer category. Generation of these unique DTCs has been widely studied…

We introduce a space-time Floquet operator, a generalization of the conventional Floquet operator, that captures the long-time behavior of space-time crystals - systems where spatial and temporal periodicities are intrinsically intertwined.…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-21 Abhijeet Melkani , Jayson Paulose

The study of phases is useful for understanding novel states of matter. One such state of matter are time crystals which constitute periodically driven interacting many-body systems that spontaneously break time translation symmetry. Time…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-12-24 Arkadiusz Kuros , Rick Mukherjee , Florian Mintert , Krzysztof Sacha