Related papers: LBVs and Statistical Inference
Accurate model stellar fluxes are key for the analysis of observations of individual stars or stellar populations. Model spectra differ from real stellar spectra due to limitations of the input physical data and adopted simplifications, but…
Due to their cosmological distances high-energy astrophysical sources allow for unprecedented tests of fundamental physics. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) comprise among the most sensitive laboratories for exploring the violation of the central…
Variational Bayes (VB) has been used to facilitate the calculation of the posterior distribution in the context of Bayesian inference of the parameters of nonlinear models from data. Previously an analytical formulation of VB has been…
The field of gamma ray astronomy relies heavily on the statistical analysis of data. Because of the paucity of data, and the often large errors associated with detecting gamma rays, analysis and interpretation of the data require…
Modern statisticians are often presented with hundreds or thousands of hypothesis testing problems to evaluate at the same time, generated from new scientific technologies such as microarrays, medical and satellite imaging devices, or flow…
The predictions of quantum mechanics cannot be resolved with a completely classical view of the world. In particular, the statistics of space-like separated measurements on entangled quantum systems violate a Bell inequality. We put forward…
In statistical inference, a discrepancy between the parameter-to-observable map that generates the data and the parameter-to-observable map that is used for inference can lead to misspecified likelihoods and thus to incorrect estimates. In…
Outlying observations are frequently encountered across a wide spectrum of scientific domains, posing notable challenges to the generalizability of statistical models and the reproducibility of downstream analysis. They are identified…
We examine the spatial distributions of LBVs, B[e] supergiants, and W-R stars in the LMC, to clarify their relative ages, evolutionary states, and relationships. This survey employs a reference catalog that was not available for previous…
Based on their relatively isolated environments, we argue that LBVs must be primarily the product of binary evolution, challenging the traditional single-star view wherein LBVs mark a brief transition between massive O stars and Wolf-Rayet…
Recent 7 TeV 5/fb measurements by ATLAS and CMS have measured both overall and differential WW cross sections that differ from NLO SM predictions. While these measurements aren't statistically significant enough to rule out the SM, we…
L.J. Savage once hoped to show that "the superficially incompatible systems of ideas associated on the one hand with [subjective Bayesianism] and on the other hand with [classical statistics]...lend each other mutual support and…
Long secondary period (LSP) variable stars are a subclass of long-period variables (LPV) that exhibit additional long-term variability alongside pulsations. Despite being observed in over 30% of LPVs, the reason behind the LSP phenomenon is…
We critically examine interpretations of hypothetical supersymmetric LHC signals, fitting to alternative wrong models of supersymmetry breaking. The signals we consider are some of the most constraining on the sparticle spectrum: invariant…
Determining if two histograms are consistent, whether they have been drawn from the same underlying distribution or not, is a common problem in physics. Existing approaches are not only limited in power but also inapplicable to histograms…
Model-based Bayesian inference for sample and population-level causal estimands has been growing in popularity. This literature routinely emphasizes clear specification of the target estimand, however blind implementation of standard…
Given an input query, generative models such as large language models produce a random response drawn from a response distribution. Given two input queries, it is natural to ask if their response distributions are the same. While…
Suppose that we are interested in the comparison of two independent categorical variables. Suppose also that the population is divided into subpopulations or groups. Notice that the distribution of the target variable may vary across…
Putting constraints on a possible Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) from astrophysical sources such as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is essential for finding evidences of new theories of quantum gravity (QG) that predict an energy-dependent…
The fate of scientific hypotheses often relies on the ability of a computational model to explain the data, quantified in modern statistical approaches by the likelihood function. The log-likelihood is the key element for parameter…