Related papers: Heat flow and quantitative differentiation

A remarkable theorem of R. C. James is the following: suppose that $X$ is a Banach space and $C \subseteq X$ is a norm bounded, closed and convex set such that every linear functional $x^* \in X^*$ attains its supremum on $C$; then $C$ is a…

We show that norms on certain Banach spaces $X$ can be approximated uniformly, and with arbitrary precision, on bounded subsets of $X$ by $C^{\infty}$ smooth norms and polyhedral norms. In particular, we show that this holds for any…

It is shown that a separable Banach space $X$ can be given an equivalent norm $|\!|\!|\cdot |\!|\!|$ with the following properties:\quad If $(x_n)\subseteq X$ is relatively weakly compact and $\lim_{m\to\infty} \lim_{n\to\infty}\break…

Let $B_p^n$ be the unit ball of $\ell_p^n$, with $1\le p<2$. We study central densities of one-dimensional marginals of the uniform measure on $B_p^n$ and of its Gaussian heat-flow regularizations. The profile is standardized by multiplying…

We prove that on compact Alexandrov spaces with curvature bounded below the gradient flow of the Dirichlet energy in the $L^2$-space produces the same evolution as the gradient flow of the relative entropy in the $L^2$-Wasserstein space.…

Let $\Lambda_s$ denote the inhomogeneous Lipschitz space of order $s\in(0,\infty)$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$. This article characterizes the distance $d(f, V)_{\Lambda_s}: = \inf_{g\in V} \|f-g\|_{\Lambda_s}$ from a function $f\in \Lambda_s$ to a…

We give a sufficient condition for non-existence of global nonnegative mild solutions of the Cauchy problem for the semilinear heat equation $u' = Lu + f(u)$ in $L^p(X,m)$ for $p \in [1,\infty)$, where $(X,m)$ is a $\sigma$-finite measure…

A diversity $\delta$ in $M$ is a function defined over every finite set of points of $M$ mapped onto $[0,\infty)$, with the properties that $\delta(X)=0$ if and only if $|X|\leq 1$ and $\delta(X\cup Y)\leq\delta(X\cup Z)+\delta(Z\cup Y)$,…

It is shown that there exist Banach spaces $X,Y$, a $1$-net $\mathscr{N}$ of $X$ and a Lipschitz function $f:\mathscr{N}\to Y$ such that every $F:X\to Y$ that extends $f$ is not uniformly continuous.

We prove the following version of the Kreps-Yan theorem. For any norm closed convex cone $C\subset L^\infty$ such that $C\cap L_+^\infty=\{0\}$ and $C\supset -L_+^\infty$, there exists a strictly positive continuous linear functional, whose…

An important consequence of the Hahn-Banach Theorem says that on any locally convex Hausdorff topological space $X$, there are sufficiently many continuous linear functionals to separate points of $X$. In the paper, we establish a `local'…

A Banach space (or its norm) is said to have the diameter $2$ property (D$2$P in short) if every nonempty relatively weakly open subset of its closed unit ball has diameter $2$. We construct an equivalent norm on $L_1[0,1]$ which is weakly…

We provide a quick overview of various calculus tools and of the main results concerning the heat flow on compact metric measure spaces, with applications to spaces with lower Ricci curvature bounds. Topics include the Hopf-Lax semigroup…

Qualitatively, a no-dimensional Helly-type theorem says that if every small subfamily of convex sets has a common point in a bounded region, then suitable neighborhoods of all the sets in the whole family have a common point. Quantitative…

Let $E$ be a $(\mathrm{IV})$-polyhedral Banach space. We show that, for each $\epsilon>0$, $E$ admits an $\epsilon$-equivalent $\mathrm{(V)}$-polyhedral norm such that the corresponding closed unit ball is the closed convex hull of its…

New concepts related to approximating a Lipschitz function between Banach spaces by affine functions are introduced. Results which clarify when such approximations are possible are proved and in some cases a complete characterization of the…

Let $\H$ denote the discrete Heisenberg group, equipped with a word metric $d_W$ associated to some finite symmetric generating set. We show that if $(X,\|\cdot\|)$ is a $p$-convex Banach space then for any Lipschitz function $f:\H\to X$…

We study the canonical heat flow $(\mathsf{H}_t)_{t\geq 0}$ on the cotangent module $L^2(T^*M)$ over an $\mathrm{RCD}(K,\infty)$ space $(M,\mathsf{d},\mathfrak{m})$, $K\in\boldsymbol{\mathrm{R}}$. We show Hess-Schrader-Uhlenbrock's…

For an $(n\ge 2)$-dimensional real Banach space $E$ with unit ball $E_{\le 1}$ and a topological space $X$ arbitrary elements in $C(X,E_{\le 1})$ are always expressible as linear combinations of at most three functions valued in the unit…

We show that the existence of a strongly convex function with a Lipschitz derivative on a Banach space already implies that the space is isomorphic to a Hilbert space. Similarly, if both a function and its convex conjugate are $C^2$ then…