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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) classification performance depends critically on evaluation protocol and ground truth quality. Studies comparing MLLMs with supervised and vision-language models report conflicting conclusions, and we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Nikita Kisel , Illia Volkov , Klara Janouskova , Jiri Matas

We consider the problem of online multiclass classification with partial feedback, where an algorithm predicts a class for a new instance in each round and only receives its correctness. Although several methods have been developed for this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Takuo Kaneko , Issei Sato , Masashi Sugiyama

Ranking passages by prompting a large language model (LLM) can achieve promising performance in modern information retrieval (IR) systems. A common approach to sort the ranking list is by prompting LLMs for a pairwise or setwise comparison…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Yifan Zeng , Ojas Tendolkar , Raymond Baartmans , Qingyun Wu , Lizhong Chen , Huazheng Wang

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have exhibited significant progress in language understanding and generation. By leveraging textual features, customized LLMs are also applied for recommendation and demonstrate improvements across…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zhenrui Yue , Sara Rabhi , Gabriel de Souza Pereira Moreira , Dong Wang , Even Oldridge

We present a novel multilabel/ranking algorithm working in partial information settings. The algorithm is based on 2nd-order descent methods, and relies on upper-confidence bounds to trade-off exploration and exploitation. We analyze this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-17 Claudio Gentile , Francesco Orabona

Recommender systems have become an integral part of online platforms, providing personalized recommendations for purchases, content consumption, and interpersonal connections. These systems consist of two sides: the producer side comprises…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-08 Yan Wang , Shan Ba

Attribution and fact verification are critical challenges in natural language processing for assessing information reliability. While automated systems and Large Language Models (LLMs) aim to retrieve and select concise evidence to support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Guy Alt , Eran Hirsch , Serwar Basch , Ido Dagan , Oren Glickman

Evaluations of large language models (LLMs) suffer from instability, where small changes of random factors such as few-shot examples can lead to drastic fluctuations of scores and even model rankings. Moreover, different LLMs can have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yiyang Li , Yonghuang Wu , Ying Luo , Liangtai Sun , Zishu Qin , Lin Qiu , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai

Many web systems rank and present a list of items to users, from recommender systems to search and advertising. An important problem in practice is to evaluate new ranking policies offline and optimize them before they are deployed. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Shuai Li , Yasin Abbasi-Yadkori , Branislav Kveton , S. Muthukrishnan , Vishwa Vinay , Zheng Wen

Evaluating the quality of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and document reranking systems remains challenging due to the lack of scalable, user-centric, and multi-perspective evaluation tools. We introduce RankArena, a unified platform…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Mahmoud Abdalla , Bhawna Piryani , Jamshid Mozafari , Mohammed Ali , Adam Jatowt

This paper studies the performance of the spectral method in the estimation and uncertainty quantification of the unobserved preference scores of compared entities in a general and more realistic setup. Specifically, the comparison graph…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-04 Jianqing Fan , Zhipeng Lou , Weichen Wang , Mengxin Yu

In an Information Retrieval (IR) system, reranking plays a critical role by sorting candidate passages according to their relevance to a specific query. This process demands a nuanced understanding of the variations among passages linked to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Can Jin , Hongwu Peng , Anxiang Zhang , Nuo Chen , Jiahui Zhao , Xi Xie , Kuangzheng Li , Shuya Feng , Kai Zhong , Caiwen Ding , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Embedding fusion has emerged as an effective approach for enhancing performance across various NLP tasks. However, systematic guidelines for selecting optimal layers and developing effective fusion strategies for the integration of LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Jiho Gwak , Yuchul Jung

Relevance judgments are crucial for evaluating information retrieval systems, but traditional human-annotated labels are time-consuming and expensive. As a result, many researchers turn to automatic alternatives to accelerate method…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Naghmeh Farzi , Laura Dietz

Rerankers, typically cross-encoders, are computationally intensive but are frequently used because they are widely assumed to outperform cheaper initial IR systems. We challenge this assumption by measuring reranker performance for full…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Mathew Jacob , Erik Lindgren , Matei Zaharia , Michael Carbin , Omar Khattab , Andrew Drozdov

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant strides in visual understanding and generation tasks. However, generating interleaved image-text content remains a challenge, which requires integrated multimodal understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Pengfei Zhou , Xiaopeng Peng , Jiajun Song , Chuanhao Li , Zhaopan Xu , Yue Yang , Ziyao Guo , Hao Zhang , Yuqi Lin , Yefei He , Lirui Zhao , Shuo Liu , Tianhua Li , Yuxuan Xie , Xiaojun Chang , Yu Qiao , Wenqi Shao , Kaipeng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in document re-ranking, a key component in modern Information Retrieval (IR) systems. However, existing LLM-based approaches face notable limitations, including ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Pinhuan Wang , Zhiqiu Xia , Chunhua Liao , Feiyi Wang , Hang Liu

The abundance of information in web applications make recommendation essential for users as well as applications. Despite the effectiveness of existing recommender systems, we find two major limitations that reduce their overall…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Dilruk Perera , Roger Zimmermann

As a cross-topic of multi-view learning and multi-label classification, multi-view multi-label classification has gradually gained traction in recent years. The application of multi-view contrastive learning has further facilitated this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Chengliang Liu , Jie Wen , Yong Xu , Bob Zhang , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang

Large scale nonlinear classification is a challenging task in the field of support vector machine. Online random Fourier feature map algorithms are very important methods for dealing with large scale nonlinear classification problems. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-17 Yigying Chen