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Recommendation has become a prominent area of research in the field of Information Retrieval (IR). Evaluation is also a traditional research topic in this community. Motivated by a few counter-intuitive observations reported in recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Aixin Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong promise as rerankers, especially in ``listwise'' settings where an LLM is prompted to rerank several search results at once. However, this ``cascading'' retrieve-and-rerank approach is limited…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Mandeep Rathee , Sean MacAvaney , Avishek Anand

Conventional research on large language models (LLMs) has primarily focused on refining output distributions, while paying less attention to the decoding process that transforms these distributions into final responses. Recent advances,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Chenheng Zhang , Tianqi Du , Jizhe Zhang , Mingqing Xiao , Yifei Wang , Yisen Wang , Zhouchen Lin

Online learning to rank (OL2R) optimizes the utility of returned search results based on implicit feedback gathered directly from users. To improve the estimates, OL2R algorithms examine one or more exploratory gradient directions and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Huazheng Wang , Ramsey Langley , Sonwoo Kim , Eric McCord-Snook , Hongning Wang

The dramatic improvements in core information retrieval tasks engendered by neural rankers create a need for novel evaluation methods. If every ranker returns highly relevant items in the top ranks, it becomes difficult to recognize…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Xinyi Yan , Chengxi Luo , Charles L. A. Clarke , Nick Craswell , Ellen M. Voorhees , Pablo Castells

Multi-label data stream usually contains noisy labels in the real-world applications, namely occuring in both relevant and irrelevant labels. However, existing online multi-label classification methods are mostly limited in terms of label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Yizhang Zou , Xuegang Hu , Peipei Li , Jun Hu , You Wu

As generative AI models such as large language models (LLMs) become more pervasive, ensuring the safety, robustness, and overall trustworthiness of these systems is paramount. However, AI is currently facing a reproducibility crisis driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Deepak Pandita , Flip Korn , Chris Welty , Christopher M. Homan

In this paper, we consider large-scale ranking problems where one is given a set of (possibly non-redundant) pairwise comparisons and the underlying ranking explained by those comparisons is desired. We show that stochastic gradient descent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-04 Benjamin Jarman , Lara Kassab , Deanna Needell , Alexander Sietsema

Ranking evaluation metrics are a fundamental element of design and improvement efforts in information retrieval. We observe that most popular metrics disregard information portrayed in the scores used to derive rankings, when available.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-12-20 Nuno Moniz , Luís Torgo , João Vinagre

Interleaving is a mechanism universally used in wireless access technologies to alleviate the effect of channel correlation. In spite of its wide adoption, to the best of our knowledge, there are no analytical models proposed so far. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Dmitri Moltchanov , Pavel Kustarev , Yevgeni Kucharyavy

We consider an online learning to rank setting in which, at each round, an oblivious adversary generates a list of $m$ documents, pertaining to a query, and the learner produces scores to rank the documents. The adversary then generates a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Sougata Chaudhuri , Ambuj Tewari

Online Learning to Rank (OL2R) algorithms learn from implicit user feedback on the fly. The key of such algorithms is an unbiased estimation of gradients, which is often (trivially) achieved by uniformly sampling from the entire parameter…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Huazheng Wang , Sonwoo Kim , Eric McCord-Snook , Qingyun Wu , Hongning Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with hallucinations and outdated information. To address this, Information Retrieval (IR) systems can be employed to augment LLMs with up-to-date knowledge. However, existing IR techniques contain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Danupat Khamnuansin , Tawunrat Chalothorn , Ekapol Chuangsuwanich

Evaluating production-level retrieval systems at scale is a crucial yet challenging task due to the limited availability of a large pool of well-trained human annotators. Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to address this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Kasra Hosseini , Thomas Kober , Josip Krapac , Roland Vollgraf , Weiwei Cheng , Ana Peleteiro Ramallo

Machine learning-based classifiers are commonly evaluated by metrics like accuracy, but deeper analysis is required to understand their strengths and weaknesses. MLMC is a visual exploration tool that tackles the challenge of multi-label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Aleksandar Doknic , Torsten Möller

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integral to information retrieval (IR), powering ranking, evaluation, and AI-assisted content creation. This widespread adoption necessitates a critical examination of potential biases arising…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Krisztian Balog , Donald Metzler , Zhen Qin

An important problem in text-ranking systems is handling the hard queries that form the tail end of the query distribution. The difficulty may arise due to the presence of uncommon, underspecified, or incomplete queries. In this work, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Abhijit Anand , Venktesh V , Vinay Setty , Avishek Anand

Rating-based human evaluation has become an essential tool to accurately evaluate the impressive performance of large language models (LLMs). However, current rating systems suffer from several important limitations: first, they fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Jasper Dekoninck , Maximilian Baader , Martin Vechev

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values and intents critically involves the use of human or AI feedback. While dense feedback annotations are expensive to acquire and integrate, sparse feedback presents a structural design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Hritik Bansal , John Dang , Aditya Grover

In-Context Learning (ICL) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform new tasks by conditioning on prompts with relevant information. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances ICL by incorporating retrieved documents into the LLM's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Marie Al Ghossein , Emile Contal , Alexandre Robicquet