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The switching probability of a single-domain ferromagnet under spin-current excitation is evaluated using the Fokker-Planck equation(FPE). In the case of uniaxial anisotropy, the FPE reduces to an ordinary differential equation in which the…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 J. He , J. Z. Sun , S. Zhang

We model "soft" error rates for writing (WSER) and for reading (RSER) for perpendicular spin-torque memory devices by solving the Fokker-Planck equation for the probability distribution of the angle that the free layer magnetization makes…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 W. H. Butler , T. Mewes , C. K. A. Mewes , P. B. Visscher , W. H. Rippard , S. E. Russek , Ranko Heindl

Embedded non-volatile memory technologies such as resistive random access memory (RRAM) and spin-transfer torque magnetic RAM (STT MRAM) are increasingly being researched for application in neuromorphic computing and hardware accelerators…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Debasis Das , Xuanyao Fong

The inherent flexibility of soft robots offers numerous advantages, such as enhanced adaptability and improved safety. However, this flexibility can also introduce challenges regarding highly uncertain and nonlinear motion. These challenges…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sumitaka Honji , Takahiro Wada

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) is a promising switching mechanism for magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) as a result of the potential for improved switching speed and energy-efficiency. It is of particular interest to develop an SOT-MRAM device…

We develop a Fokker-Planck approach to describe the dynamics of staggered magnetization and thermal fluctuations in a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic system with uniaxial anisotropy. Beginning with a classical model for the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 E. Martello , G. A. Falci , E. Paladino , F. M. D. Pellegrino

Spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive random access memory is a potentially transformative technology in the non-volatile memory market. Its viability depends, in part, on one's ability to predictably induce or prevent switching; however,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 YiMing Yu , Cyrill B. Muratov , Richard O. Moore

The field dependence of the thermal switching rate of a ferromagnetic material with uniaxial anisotropy was studied by solving the Fokker-Planck equation. We derived the analytical expression of the thermal switching rate using the mean…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-05-04 Tomohiro Taniguchi , Hiroshi Imamura

The Fokker-Planck equations (FPEs) for stochastic systems driven by additive symmetric $\alpha$-stable noises may not adequately describe the time evolution for the probability densities of solution paths in some practical applications,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-03-11 Yanjie Zhang , Xiao Wang , Qiao Huang , Jinqiao Duan , Tingting Li

We report theoretical investigation of the switching probability of electric field-induced precessional magnetization switching by solving the Fokker-Planck equation numerically with finite difference method. The switching probability is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-12-23 Hongguang Cheng , Ning Deng

Magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) driven by spin-transfer torque (STT) is a major contender for future memory applications. The energy dissipation involved in writing remains problematic, even with the advent of more efficient…

We studied the magnetization reversal rates of thermally assisted spin transfer torque switching in a ferromagnetically coupled synthetic free layer theoretically. By solving the Fokker-Planck equation, we obtained the analytical expression…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-02-28 Tomohiro Taniguchi , Hiroshi Imamura

We present results of magnetic torque calculations using the fully relativistic spin-polarized Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker approach applied to small Co and Fe clusters deposited on the Pt(111) surface. From the magnetic torque one can derive…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Bornemann , J. Minár , J. B. Staunton , J. Honolka , A. Enders , K. Kern , H. Ebert

Low barrier nanomagnets have attracted a lot of research interest for their use as sources of high quality true random number generation. More recently, low barrier nanomagnets with tunable output have been shown to be a natural hardware…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-03-09 Punyashloka Debashis , Rafatul Faria , Kerem Y. Camsari , Supriyo Datta , Zhihong Chen

Controlling the magnetic anisotropy of ferromagnetic materials plays a key role in magnetic switching devices and spintronic applications. Examples of spin-orbit torque devices with different magnetic anisotropy geometries (in-plane or…

In a recent paper Das {\it et al.} [J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 147}, 164102 (2017)] proposed the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) for the Brownian harmonic oscillator in the presence of magnetic field and the non-Markovian thermal bath, respectively.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-28 Joydip Das , Bidhan Chandra Bag

We present a simple thermodynamically consistent method for solving time-dependent Fokker--Planck equations (FPE) for over-damped stochastic processes, also known as Smoluchowski equations. It yields both transition and steady-state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-03-12 Viktor Holubec , Klaus Kroy , Stefano Steffenoni

The susceptibility of an overdamped Markov system fluctuating in a bistable potential of general form is obtained by analytic solution of the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) for low noise intensities. The results are discussed in the context…

chao-dyn · Physics 2009-10-22 MI Dykman , H Haken , Gang Hu , DG Luchinsky , R Mannella , PVE McClintock , CZ Ning , ND Stein , NG Stocks

Spin-transfer-torque random access memory (STT-RAM) is a promising candidate for the next-generation of random-access-memory due to improved scalability, read-write speeds and endurance. However, the write pulse duration must be long enough…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-05-10 Urmimala Roy , Tanmoy Pramanik , Leonard F. Register , Sanjay K. Banerjee

We describe a new approach to understanding and calculating magnetization switching rates and noise in the recently observed phenomenon of "spin-torque switching". In this phenomenon, which has possible applications to information storage,…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 D. M. Apalkov , P. B. Visscher
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