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Haj\'os conjectured that every graph containing no subdivision of the complete graph $K_{s+1}$ is properly $s$-colorable. This conjecture was disproved by Catlin. Indeed, the maximum chromatic number of such graphs is $\Omega(s^2/\log s)$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Chun-Hung Liu , David R. Wood

The following relaxation of proper coloring the square of a graph was recently introduced: for a positive integer $h$, the proper $h$-conflict-free chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted $\chi_{pcf}^h(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Eun-Kyung Cho , Ilkyoo Choi , Hyemin Kwon , Boram Park

In this paper, we investigate circular chromatic number of Mycielski construction of graphs. It was shown in \cite{MR2279672} that $t^{{\rm th}}$ Mycielskian of the Kneser graph $KG(m,n)$ has the same circular chromatic number and chromatic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-09 Meysam Alishahi , Hossein Hajiabolhassan

Hadwiger's conjecture, among the most famous open problems in graph theory, states that every graph that does not contain $K_t$ as a minor is properly $(t-1)$-colorable. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that a natural extension of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-22 Raphael Steiner

A proper total colouring of a graph $G$ is called harmonious if it has the further property that when replacing each unordered pair of incident vertices and edges with their colours, then no pair of colours appears twice. The smallest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-19 M. Abreu , J. B. Gauci , D. Mattiolo , G. Mazzuoccolo , F. Romaniello , C. Rubio-Montiel , T. Traetta

A graph H is k-common if the number of monochromatic copies of H in a k-edge-coloring of K_n is asymptotically minimized by a random coloring. For every k, we construct a connected non-bipartite k-common graph. This resolves a problem…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Daniel Kral , Jonathan A. Noel , Sergey Norin , Jan Volec , Fan Wei

We show that the Kneser graph of triangulations of a convex $n$-gon has chromatic number $n-2$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Anton Molnar , Cosmin Pohoata , Michael Zheng , Daniel G. Zhu

Given a graph $H$, the $k$-colored Gallai Ramsey number $gr_{k}(K_{3} : H)$ is defined to be the minimum integer $n$ such that every $k$-coloring of the edges of the complete graph on $n$ vertices contains either a rainbow triangle or a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-14 Colton Magnant , Ingo Schiermeyer

A packing $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a partition of $V(G)$ into sets $V_1,\ldots,V_k$ such that for each $1\leq i\leq k$ the distance between any two distinct $x,y\in V_i$ is at least $i+1$. The packing chromatic number, $\chi_p(G)$, of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-31 József Balogh , Alexandr Kostochka , Xujun Liu

This paper investigates when countable graphs have a finite or an infinite chromatic number through model theoretic methods. For Fra\"{i}ss\'{e} limits, we show that instability forces the chromatic number to be infinite, yielding a…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Hirotaka Kikyo , Koitaro Nakaura , Akito Tsuboi

The $q$-color Ramsey number of a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$ is the minimum integer $N$ such that any $q$-coloring of the complete $k$-uniform hypergraph on $N$ vertices contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The study of these numbers is one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Domagoj Bradač , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

We study the chromatic number of the curve graph of a surface. We show that the chromatic number grows like k log k for the graph of separating curves on a surface of Euler characteristic -k. We also show that the graph of curves that…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Jonah Gaster , Joshua Evan Greene , Nicholas G. Vlamis

The classical Andr\'{a}sfai-Erd\H{o}s-S\'{o}s theorem considers the chromatic number of $K_{r + 1}$-free graphs with large minimum degree, and in the case $r = 2$ says that any $n$-vertex triangle-free graph with minimum degree greater than…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Freddie Illingworth

In this paper, we first study a new extremal problem recently posed by Conlon and Tyomkyn~(arXiv: 2002.00921). Given a graph $H$ and an integer $k\geqslant 2$, let $f_{k}(n,H)$ be the smallest number of colors $c$ such that there exists a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Zixiang Xu , Tao Zhang , Yifan Jing , Gennian Ge

Erd\H{o}s and Rado [P. Erd\H{o}s, R. Rado, A combinatorial theorem, Journal of the London Mathematical Society 25 (4) (1950) 249-255] introduced the Canonical Ramsey numbers $\text{er}(t)$ as the minimum number $n$ such that every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-19 Igor Araujo , Dadong Peng

A collection of graphs is \textit{nearly disjoint} if every pair of them intersects in at most one vertex. We prove that if $G_1, \dots, G_m$ are nearly disjoint graphs of maximum degree at most $D$, then the following holds. For every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Tom Kelly , Daniela Kühn , Deryk Osthus

Problem of finding an optimal upper bound for the chromatic no. of even 3K1-free graphs is still open and pretty hard. Here we prove Borodin & Kostochka Conjecture for 4K1-free graphs G i.e. If maximum degree of a {4 Times K1}-free graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-08 Medha Dhurandhar

For integers $k\ge1$ and $m\ge2$, let $g(k,m)$ be the least integer $n\ge1$ such that every graph with chromatic number at least $n$ contains a $(k+1)$-connected subgraph with chromatic number at least $m$. Refining the recent result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-19 Tung H. Nguyen

Hadwiger's conjecture from 1943 states that for every integer $t\ge1$, every graph either can be $t$-colored or has a subgraph that can be contracted to the complete graph on $t+1$ vertices. As pointed out by Paul Seymour in his recent…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-22 Martin Rolek , Zi-Xia Song

We show that there are $k$ simple graphs whose Kronecker covers are isomorphic to the bipartite Kneser graph $H(n,k)$, and that their chromatic numbers coincide with $\chi(K(n,k)) = n - 2k + 2$. We also determine the automorphism groups of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-08 Takahiro Matsushita