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The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is widely regarded as the quintessential quantum interference phenomenon in optics. In this work we examine how nonlinearity can smear statistical photon bunching in the HOM interferometer. We model both the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-25 K. A. Ralley , I. V. Lerner , I. V. Yurkevich

Two-photon interference effects, such as the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect, can be used to characterize to what extent two photons are identical. Identical photons are necessary for both linear optics quantum computing and single-photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-06 Imran M. Mirza , S. J. van Enk

The Hong--Ou--Mandel (HOM) effect is often introduced through a single benchmark: coincidence suppression for \(\ket{1}\otimes\ket{1}\) at a balanced beam splitter. We present a classroom-oriented instructional module that broadens this…

Physics Education · Physics 2026-05-28 Melissa Coronado Arrieta , Boris Kiefer

Two-photon interference effects arise because photons are indistinguishable particles. In the wellknown Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect, the transmission of two photons at a beam splitter interferes destructively with the reflection of both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Yuki Kodama , Jonte R. Hance , Holger F. Hofmann

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is an intrinsic quantum phenomena that goes beyond the possibilities of classical physics, and enables various applications in quantum metrology. While the timing resolution of HOM-based sensor is generally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-08 Chaojie Wang , Yuning Zhang , Yuanyuan Chen , LixiangChen

The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is one of the most intriguing quantum optical phenomena and crucial in performing quantum optical communication and computation tasks. Lately, twin beam emitters such as those relying on the process of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 K. Laiho , T. Dirmeier , G. Shafiee , Ch. Marquardt

Nonlocal quantum correlation has been the main issue of quantum mechanics over the last century. The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect relates to the two-photon intensity correlation on a beam splitter, resulting in a nonclassical photon-bunching…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-04 B. S. Ham

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is a compelling quantum phenomenon that demonstrates the nonclassical nature of single photons. In this study, we investigate an electromagnetically induced transparency-based double-$\Lambda$ four-wave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Zi-Yu Liu , Jiun-Shiuan Shiu , Chin-Yao Cheng , Yong-Fan Chen

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference unveils a distinct behavior of identical particles which cannot be distinguished from each other. Especially for bosons, two separated identical particles passing through a beamsplitter always go together…

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference, the bunching of indistinguishable photons at a beam splitter, is a staple of quantum optics and lies at the heart of many quantum sensing approaches and recent optical quantum computers. Here, we report a…

We expand the two-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect onto a higher-dimensional set of spatial modes and introduce an effect that allows controllable redistribution of quantum states over these modes using directionally unbiased…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-17 Shuto Osawa , David S. Simon , Alexander V. Sergienko

When quantum state amplitudes interfere, surprising non-classical features emerge which emphasis the roles of indistinguishability and discreteness in quantum mechanics. A famous example in quantum optics is the Hong Ou Mandel interference…

The effect of a decoherence channel, such as a turbulent atmosphere, on the second order quantum interference in the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is investigated. The investigation includes both theoretical analyses and an experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-31 Shashi Prabhakar , Chemist Mabena , Thomas Konrad , Filippus S. Roux

Quantum Information Processing, from cryptography to computation, based upon linear quantum optical circuit elements relies heavily on the ability offered by the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) Effect to route photons from separate input modes into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-23 Edwin E. Hach , Stefan F. Preble , Ali W. Elshaari , Paul M. Alsing , Michael L. Fanto

Optical vector modes (VMs), characterized by spatially varying polarization distributions, have become essential tools across microscopy, metrology, optical trapping, nanophotonics, and optical communications. The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Xiaoqin Gao , Dilip Paneru , Francesco Di Colandrea , Yingwen Zhang , Ebrahim Karimi

When two indistinguishable bosons interfere at a beam splitter, they both exit through the same output port. This foundational quantum-mechanical phenomenon, known as the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect, has become a cornerstone in the field of…

A modified Hong--Ou--Mandel (HOM) interference reveals that the two-photon interference phenomenon can be explained only by the concept of a two-photon wave packet rather than a single-photon one. However, the temporal interferogram in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-29 Baihong Li , Boxin Yuan , Changhua Chen , Xiao Xiang , Runai Quan , Ruifang Dong , Shougang Zhang , Rui-Bo Jin

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is a quantum optics laboratory experiment that has recently become more accessible to undergraduate students. The experiment consists of two identical photons simultaneously entering a non-polarizing beam…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-09-06 Cyrus Bjurlin , Theresa Chmiel

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference, the bunching of two indistinguishable photons on a balanced beam-splitter, has emerged as a promising tool for quantum sensing. There is a need for wide spectral-bandwidth photon pairs (for high-resolution…

Particle distinguishability is a significant challenge for quantum technologies, in particular photonics where the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect clearly demonstrates it is detrimental to quantum interference. We take a representation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-24 Stasja Stanisic , Peter S. Turner