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We propose Unified Model of Saliency and Scanpaths (UMSS) -- a model that learns to predict visual saliency and scanpaths (i.e. sequences of eye fixations) on information visualisations. Although scanpaths provide rich information about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Yao Wang , Mihai Bâce , Andreas Bulling

We study the problem of identifying viewers of arbitrary images based on their eye gaze. Psychological research has derived generative stochastic models of eye movements. In order to exploit this background knowledge within a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Silvia Makowski , Lena A. Jäger , Lisa Schwetlick , Hans Trukenbrod , Ralf Engbert , Tobias Scheffer

Gait analysis is the study of the systematic methods that assess and quantify animal locomotion. Gait finds a unique importance among the many state-of-the-art biometric systems since it does not require the subject's cooperation to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Ebenezer R. H. P. Isaac

Eye movement is closely related to limb actions, so it can be used to infer movement intentions. More importantly, in some cases, eye movement is the only way for paralyzed and impaired patients with severe movement disorders to communicate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Bo Yang , Jian Huang , Xiaolong Li , Xinxing Chen , Caihua Xiong , Yasuhisa Hasegawa

Photo collections and its applications today attempt to reflect user interactions in various forms. Moreover, photo collections aim to capture the users' intention with minimum effort through applications capturing user intentions. Human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-13 Jinsoo Choi , Tae-Hyun Oh , In So Kweon

Background: People with severe speech and motor impairment (SSMI) often uses a technique called eye pointing to communicate with outside world. One of their parents, caretakers or teachers hold a printed board in front of them and by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Vinay Krishna Sharma , L. R. D. Murthy , KamalPreet Singh Saluja , Vimal Mollyn , Gourav Sharma , Pradipta Biswas

Smart glasses are accelerating progress toward more seamless and personalized LLM-based assistance by integrating multimodal inputs. Yet, these inputs rely on obtrusive explicit prompts. The advent of gaze tracking on smart devices offers a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jiexin Ding , Yizhuo Zhang , Xinyun Liu , Ke chen , Yuntao Wang , Shwetak Patel , Akshay Gadre

In humans and in foveated animals visual acuity is highly concentrated at the center of gaze, so that choosing where to look next is an important example of online, rapid decision making. Computational neuroscientists have developed…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-12-05 Ralf Engbert , Hans A. Trukenbrod , Simon Barthelmé , Felix A. Wichmann

This paper investigates the {\em nonasymptotic} properties of Bayes procedures for estimating an unknown distribution from $n$ i.i.d.\ observations. We assume that the prior is supported by a model $(\scr{S},h)$ (where $h$ denotes the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-03 Lucien Birgé

We study the ability of human observer to control fixation duration during execution of visual search tasks. We conducted the eye-tracking experiments with natural and synthetic images and found the dependency of fixation duration on…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-24 Alexander Vasilyev

Due to the complex and resource-intensive nature of diagnosing Autism Spectrum Condition (ASC), several computer-aided diagnostic support methods have been proposed to detect autism by analyzing behavioral cues in patient video data. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 William Saakyan , Matthias Norden , Lola Eversmann , Simon Kirsch , Muyu Lin , Simon Guendelman , Isabel Dziobek , Hanna Drimalla

Understanding reader behaviors such as skimming, deep reading, and scanning is essential for improving educational instruction. While prior eye-tracking studies have trained models to recognize reading behaviors, they often rely on…

Research studies have shown that a large proportion of hazards remain unrecognized, which expose construction workers to unanticipated safety risks. Recent studies have also found that a strong correlation exists between viewing patterns of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Idris Jeelani , Khashayar Asadi , Hariharan Ramshankar , Kevin Han , Alex Albert

Mobile gaze tracking involves inferring a user's gaze point or direction on a mobile device's screen from facial images captured by the device's front camera. While this technology inspires an increasing number of gaze-interaction…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yaxiong Lei , Yuheng Wang , Fergus Buchanan , Mingyue Zhao , Yusuke Sugano , Shijing He , Mohamed Khamis , Juan Ye

Gait recognition, which identifies individuals based on their walking patterns, is an important biometric technique since it can be observed from a distance and does not require the subject's cooperation. Recognizing a person's gait is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Haidong Zhu , Zhaoheng Zheng , Ram Nevatia

Reading plays a vital role in updating the researchers on recent developments in the field, including but not limited to solutions to various problems and collaborative studies between disciplines. Prior studies identify reading patterns to…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Bhanuka Mahanama , Gavindya Jayawardena , Yasasi Abeysinghe , Vikas Ashok , Sampath Jayarathna

Most existing saliency models use low-level features or task descriptions when generating attention predictions. However, the link between observer characteristics and gaze patterns is rarely investigated. We present a novel saliency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Bingqing Yu , James J. Clark

Our behavior (the way we talk, walk, act or think) is unique and can be used as a biometric trait. It also correlates with sensitive attributes like emotions and health conditions. Hence, techniques to protect individuals privacy against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Simon Hanisch , Patricia Arias-Cabarcos , Javier Parra-Arnau , Thorsten Strufe

The eye fixation patterns of human observers are a fundamental indicator of the aspects of an image to which humans attend. Thus, manipulating fixation patterns to guide human attention is an exciting challenge in digital image processing.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Leon A. Gatys , Matthias Kümmerer , Thomas S. A. Wallis , Matthias Bethge

Understanding where people are looking is an informative social cue. In this work, we present Gaze360, a large-scale gaze-tracking dataset and method for robust 3D gaze estimation in unconstrained images. Our dataset consists of 238…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Petr Kellnhofer , Adria Recasens , Simon Stent , Wojciech Matusik , Antonio Torralba