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The next generation of Extremely Large Telescopes (ELT), with diameters up to 39 meters, will start opera- tion in the next decade and promises new challenges in the development of instruments. The growing field of astrophotonics (the use…
Machine learning models in astrophysics are often limited in scope and cannot adapt to data from new instruments or tasks. We introduce SpectraFM, a Transformer-based foundation model architecture that can be pre-trained on stellar spectra…
Many focal-reducer spectrographs, currently available at state-of-the art telescopes facilities, would benefit from a simple refurbishing that could increase both the resolution and spectral range in order to cope with the progressively…
Spectroscopy is an important tool for probing the properties of materials, chemicals and biological samples. We design a practical transmitter-receiver system that exploits entanglement to achieve a provable quantum advantage over all…
Long-baseline interferometry at optical and near-infrared wavelengths is an emerging technology which is quickly becoming a useful tool to investigate stellar atmospheres and to compare observations with models. Stellar atmosphere models…
This paper deals with the estimation of multiantenna channels in the line-of-sight conditions that are prevalent in the near field. By expressing the curved wavefront as a polynomial via a power series expansion of a sphere, the estimation…
In this lecture, we describe a number of advanced gain calibration techniques. In particular, self-calibration is an important tool in interferometric imaging at all wavelengths. It allows the observer to determine and remove residual phase…
Libraries of stellar spectra are fundamental tools in the study of stellar populations and in automatic determination of atmospheric parameters for large samples of observed stars. In the context of the present volume, here I give an…
The analysis of time variability, whether fast variations on time scales well below the second or slow changes over years, is becoming more and more important in high-energy astronomy. Many sophisticated tools are available for data…
A device based on a three-block Fresnel zone plate interferometer is proposed for hard X-ray phase-contrast imaging. The device combines a low requirement for the coherence of the initial radiation (the interferometer operates in the…
Self-referenced spectral interferometry, a newly introduced ultrafast pulse characterization is described and reviewed theoretically. Validity range, temporal dynamic, resolution and precision are detailed in the scope of different…
This paper describes how commercially available spectrographs can be used to identify and measure some basic characteristics of planetary nebulae.
Nowadays, tens of satellites carry hyperspectral spectrometers. Such instruments allow decomposing the light that exits the atmosphere from its top into hundreds to thousands of contiguous spectral channels. By analysis of the light…
This article presents a two-stage approach for the processing of frequency-stacked mobile subbands. The frequency stacking is performed in the analog domain to enable the use of a wideband analog-to-digital converter (ADC), instead of…
In the past twenty years, hadron spectroscopy has made immense progress. Experimental facilities have observed different multiquark states during these years. There are different models and phenomenological potentials to study the nature of…
The interest in a system often resides in the interplay among different parameters governing its evolution. It is thus often required to access many of them at once for a complete description. Assessing how quantum enhancement in such…
We review the potential of Astrophotonics, a relatively young field at the interface between photonics and astronomical instrumentation, for spectro-interferometry. We review some fundamental aspects of photonic science that drove the emer-…
We consider realistic satellite communications systems for broadband and broadcasting applications, based on frequency-division-multiplexed linear modulations, where spectral efficiency is one of the main figures of merit. For these…
In this paper we report a spectrometric approach to dual-energy digital radiography that has been developed and applied to identify specific organic substances and discern small differences in their effective atomic number. An experimental…
I discuss 3 widely applicable aspects concerning calibration of the near infrared adaptive optics integral field spectrometer SINFONI: (1) the accuracy with which one needs to quantify the PSF and how this might be achieved in practice; (2)…