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The task of describing video content in natural language is commonly referred to as video captioning. Unlike conventional video captions, which are typically brief and widely available, long-form paragraph descriptions in natural language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Mihai Masala , Marius Leordeanu

A major challenge in visually grounded language generation is to build robust benchmark datasets and models that can generalize well in real-world settings. To do this, it is critical to ensure that our evaluation protocols are correct, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Wanrong Zhu , Xin Eric Wang , Pradyumna Narayana , Kazoo Sone , Sugato Basu , William Yang Wang

Linking human motion and natural language is of great interest for the generation of semantic representations of human activities as well as for the generation of robot activities based on natural language input. However, while there have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Matthias Plappert , Christian Mandery , Tamim Asfour

Interest in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its applications has seen unprecedented growth in the last few years. This success can be partly attributed to the advancements made in the sub-fields of AI such as machine learning, computer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Aditya Mogadala , Marimuthu Kalimuthu , Dietrich Klakow

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its applications have sparked extraordinary interest in recent years. This achievement can be ascribed in part to advances in AI subfields including Machine Learning (ML), Computer Vision (CV), and Natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Rufai Yusuf Zakari , Jim Wilson Owusu , Hailin Wang , Ke Qin , Zaharaddeen Karami Lawal , Yuezhou Dong

Today's computer-based annotation systems implement a wide range of functionalities that often go beyond those available in traditional paper-and-pencil annotations. Conceptually, annotation systems are based on thoroughly investigated…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2007-06-11 Matthias R. Brust , Steffen Rothkugel

With the rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence, there is growing concern over its potential to exacerbate existing biases and societal disparities and introduce novel ones. This issue has prompted widespread attention from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Sanjana Gautam , Mukund Srinath

Object referring has important applications, especially for human-machine interaction. While having received great attention, the task is mainly attacked with written language (text) as input rather than spoken language (speech), which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Arun Balajee Vasudevan , Dengxin Dai , Luc Van Gool

Imitation learning field requires expert data to train agents in a task. Most often, this learning approach suffers from the absence of available data, which results in techniques being tested on its dataset. Creating datasets is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Nathan Gavenski , Michael Luck , Odinaldo Rodrigues

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have contributed to the development of automated writing evaluation (AWE) systems that can correct grammatical errors. However, while these systems are effective at improving text, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Steven Coyne , Diana Galvan-Sosa , Ryan Spring , Camélia Guerraoui , Michael Zock , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Kentaro Inui

Natural language and visualization are two complementary modalities of human communication that play a crucial role in conveying information effectively. While visualizations help people discover trends, patterns, and anomalies in data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Enamul Hoque , Mohammed Saidul Islam

Training deep-learning-based vision systems require the manual annotation of a significant number of images. Such manual annotation is highly time-consuming and labor-intensive. Although previous studies have attempted to eliminate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Takuya Kiyokawa , Naoki Shirakura , Hiroki Katayama , Keita Tomochika , Jun Takamatsu

Language grounded image understanding tasks have often been proposed as a method for evaluating progress in artificial intelligence. Ideally, these tasks should test a plethora of capabilities that integrate computer vision, reasoning, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Kushal Kafle , Robik Shrestha , Christopher Kanan

Instance segmentation is a computer vision task where separate objects in an image are detected and segmented. State-of-the-art deep neural network models require large amounts of labeled data in order to perform well in this task. Making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Tuomas Sormunen , Arttu Lämsä , Miguel Bordallo Lopez

Web-based educational videos offer flexible learning opportunities and are becoming increasingly popular. However, improving user engagement and knowledge retention remains a challenge. Automatically generated questions can activate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Markos Stamatakis , Joshua Berger , Christian Wartena , Ralph Ewerth , Anett Hoppe

Despite the high demand for manually annotated image data, managing complex and costly annotation projects remains under-discussed. This is partly due to the fact that leading such projects requires dealing with a set of diverse and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Azim Ahmadzadeh , Rohan Adhyapak , Armin Iraji , Kartik Chaurasiya , V Aparna , Petrus C. Martens

Propelling, and propelled by, the "deep learning revolution", recent years have seen the introduction of ever larger corpora of images annotated with natural language expressions. We survey some of these corpora, taking a perspective that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-17 David Schlangen

The impressive advances and applications of large language and joint language-and-visual understanding models has led to an increased need for methods of probing their potential reasoning capabilities. However, the difficulty of gather…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Nathan Vaska , Victoria Helus

Audio-visual learning seeks to enhance the computer's multi-modal perception leveraging the correlation between the auditory and visual modalities. Despite their many useful downstream tasks, such as video retrieval, AR/VR, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Zheng Zhang , Zheng Ning , Chenliang Xu , Yapeng Tian , Toby Jia-Jun Li

Annotating datasets for question answering (QA) tasks is very costly, as it requires intensive manual labor and often domain-specific knowledge. Yet strategies for annotating QA datasets in a cost-effective manner are scarce. To provide a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Bernhard Kratzwald , Xiang Yue , Huan Sun , Stefan Feuerriegel