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We show that there are $O(n \cdot 4^{n/11})$ planar graphs on $n$ vertices which do not admit a simultaneous straight-line embedding on any $n$-point set in the plane. In particular, this improves the best known bound $O(n!)$ significantly.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-26 Ritesh Goenka , Pardis Semnani , Chi Hoi Yip

The spectral extremal problem of planar graphs has aroused a lot of interest over the past three decades. In 1991, Boots and Royle [Geogr. Anal. 23(3) (1991) 276--282] (and Cao and Vince [Linear Algebra Appl. 187 (1993) 251--257]…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-27 Xiaolong Wang , Xueyi Huang , Huiqiu Lin

We investigate the extremal properties of saturated partial plane embeddings of maximal planar graphs. For a planar graph $G$, the plane-saturation number $\mathrm{sat}_{\mathcal{P}}(G)$ denotes the minimum number of edges in a plane…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-11 János Barát , Zoltán L. Blázsik , Balázs Keszegh , Zeyu Zheng

Sidorenko's conjecture states that, for all bipartite graphs $H$, quasirandom graphs contain asymptotically the minimum number of copies of $H$ taken over all graphs with the same order and edge density. While still open for graphs, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-28 David Conlon , Joonkyung Lee , Alexander Sidorenko

Consider the budget-constrained random graph process introduced by Frieze, Krivelevich and Michaeli, where each time an edge is offered through the (standard) random graph process we must irrevocably decide whether to "purchase" this edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Sylwia Antoniuk , Alberto Espuny Díaz , Kalina Petrova , Miloš Stojaković

A $[z,r;g]$-mixed cage is a mixed graph of minimum order such that each vertex has $z$ in-arcs, $z$ out-arcs, $r$ edges, and it has girth $g$, and the minimum order for $[z,r;g]$-mixed graphs is denoted by $n[z,r;g]$. In this paper, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-26 Gabriela Araujo-Pardo , Lydia Mirabel Mendoza-Cadena

The Tur\'an problem asks for the largest number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph not containing a fixed forbidden subgraph $F$. We construct a new family of graphs not containing $K_{s,t}$, for $t= C^s$, with $\Omega(n^{2-1/s})$ edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-08 Boris Bukh

Consider the Grassmann graph formed by $k$-dimensional subspaces of an $n$-dimensional vector space over the field of $q$ elements ($1<k<n-1$) and denote by $\Pi(n,k)_q$ the restriction of this graph to the set of projective $[n,k]_q$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-01 Mariusz Kwiatkowski , Mark Pankov , Antonio Pasini

Let $r$ be an odd integer, and $k$ an even integer. In this note, we present $r$-regular graphs which have no $\{k,r-k\}$-factors for all $1\le k\le {r\over2}-1$. This gives a negative answer to a problem posed by Akbari and Kano recently.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-12-06 Hongliang Lu , David G. L. Wang

The concept of generalized $k$-connectivity $\kappa_{k}(G)$ of a graph $G$ was introduced by Chartrand et al. in recent years. In our early paper, extremal theory for this graph parameter was started. We determined the minimal number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-23 Shasha Li , Xueliang Li , Yongtang Shi

We study edge-maximal, non-complete graphs on surfaces that do not triangulate the surface. We prove that there is no such graph on the projective plane $\mathbb{N}_1$, $K_7-e$ is the unique such graph on the Klein bottle $\mathbb{N}_2$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-11 James Davies , Florian Pfender

S. Negami conjectured in $1988$ that a connected graph has a finite planar cover if and only if it embeds in the projective plane. It follows from the works of D. Archdeacon, M. Fellows, P. Hlin\v{e}n\'{y}, and S. Negami that this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Dickson Y. B. Annor , Yuri Nikolayevsky , Michael S. Payne

Fix graphs $F$ and $H$ and let $ex(n,H,F)$ denote the maximum possible number of copies of the graph $H$ in an $n$-vertex $F$-free graph. The systematic study of this function was initiated by Alon and Shikhelman [{\it J. Comb. Theory, B}.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-10 Dániel Gerbner , Cory Palmer

In this paper we deal with two aspects of the minimum rank of a simple undirected graph $G$ on $n$ vertices over a finite field $\FF_q$ with $q$ elements, which is denoted by $\mr(\FF_q,G)$. In the first part of this paper we show that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-07-21 Shmuel Friedland , Raphael Loewy

This paper is concerned with the surface embedding of matching extendable graphs. There are two directions extending the theory of perfect matchings, that is, matching extendability and factor-criticality. In solving a problem posed by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-19 Hongliang Lu , David G. L. Wang

This is the fifth in a series of articles devoted to showing that a typical covering map of large degree to a fixed, regular graph has its new adjacency eigenvalues within the bound conjectured by Alon for random regular graphs. In this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Joel Friedman , David Kohler

For a real constant $\alpha$, let $\pi_3^\alpha(G)$ be the minimum of twice the number of $K_2$'s plus $\alpha$ times the number of $K_3$'s over all edge decompositions of $G$ into copies of $K_2$ and $K_3$, where $K_r$ denotes the complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-01 Adam Blumenthal , Bernard Lidický , Yanitsa Pehova , Florian Pfender , Oleg Pikhurko , Jan Volec

For integer $k\geq2$ and prime power $q$, the algebraic bipartite graph $D(k,q)$ proposed by Lazebnik and Ustimenko (1995) is meaningful not only in extremal graph theory but also in coding theory and cryptography. This graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Ming Xu , Xiaoyan Cheng , Yuansheng Tang

We contribute results on $r$-regular graphs that do and don't have the maximum possible toughness, namely $r/2$. Doty and Ferland showed the existence of a $5$-regular graph with toughness $5/2$ for all even orders except $n= 18$. Using a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-09 Geoffrey Boyer , Wayne Goddard

Let $k\ge 1$ be an odd integer, $t=\lfloor {{k+2}\over 4}\rfloor$, and $q$ be a prime power. We construct a bipartite, $q$-regular, edge-transitive graph $C\!D(k,q)$ of order $v \le 2q^{k-t+1}$ and girth $g \ge k+5$. If $e$ is the the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Felix Lazebnik , Vasiliy A. Ustimenko , Andrew J. Woldar