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An evolutionary tree is a rooted tree where each internal vertex has at least two children and where the leaves are labeled with distinct symbols representing species. Evolutionary trees are useful for modeling the evolutionary history of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ming-Yang Kao

In weighted trees, all edges are endowed with positive integral weight. We enumerate weighted bicolored plane trees according to their weight and number of edges.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-21 Alexander K. Zvonkin

We determine the sharp threshold for the containment of all $n$-vertex trees of bounded degree in random geometric graphs with $n$ vertices. This provides a geometric counterpart of Montgomery's threshold result for binomial random graphs,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Michael Anastos , Sahar Diskin , Dawid Ignasiak , Lyuben Lichev , Yetong Sha

We give a characterization of equilibrium measures for $p$-capacities on the boundary of an infinite tree of arbitrary (finite) local degree. For $p=2$, this provides, in the special case of trees, a converse to a theorem of Benjamini and…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Nicola Arcozzi , Matteo Levi

Bounded infinite graphs are defined on the basis of natural physical requirements. When specialized to trees this definition leads to a natural conjecture that the average connectivity dimension of bounded trees cannot exceed two. We verify…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Claudio Destri , Luca Donetti

We classify the trees on $n$ vertices with the maximum and the minimum number of certain generalized colorings, including conflict-free, odd, non-monochromatic, star, and star rainbow vertex colorings. We also extend a result of Cutler and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-19 John Engbers , Christopher Stocker

Our goal is to visualize an additional data dimension of a tree with multifaceted data through superimposition on vertical strips, which we call columns. Specifically, we extend upward drawings of unordered rooted trees where vertices have…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jonathan Klawitter , Johannes Zink

We consider two varieties of labeled rooted trees, and the probability that a vertex chosen from all vertices of all trees of a given size uniformly at random has a given rank. We prove that this probability converges to a limit as the tree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-15 Miklos Bona , Istvan Mezo

Accurate and consistent methods for counting trees based on remote sensing data are needed to support sustainable forest management, assess climate change mitigation strategies, and build trust in tree carbon credits. Two-dimensional remote…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Lei Li , Tianfang Zhang , Zhongyu Jiang , Cheng-Yen Yang , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Stefan Oehmcke , Dimitri Pierre Johannes Gominski , Fabian Gieseke , Christian Igel

A drawing of a given (abstract) tree that is a minimum spanning tree of the vertex set is considered aesthetically pleasing. However, such a drawing can only exist if the tree has maximum degree at most 6. What can be said for trees of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-11-17 Ferran Hurtado , Giuseppe Liotta , David R. Wood

Estimating phylogenetic trees is an important problem in evolutionary biology, environmental policy and medicine. Although trees are estimated, their uncertainties are discarded by mathematicians working in tree space. Here we explicitly…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-16 Amy D. Willis , Rayna C. Bell

We propose a novel technique, termed compact shape trees, for computing correspondences of single-boundary 2-D shapes in O(n2) time. Together with zero or more features defined at each of n sample points on the shape's boundary, the compact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-10 Abdulrahman Oladipupo Ibraheem

This study introduces a new method of visualizing complex tree structured objects. The usefulness of this method is illustrated in the context of detecting unexpected features in a data set of very large trees. The major contribution is a…

Applications · Statistics 2012-02-14 Burcu Aydin , Gabor Pataki , Haonan Wang , Alim Ladha , Elizabeth Bullitt , J. S. Marron

Individualization-Refinement (IR) algorithms form the standard method and currently the only practical method for symmetry computations of graphs and combinatorial objects in general. Through backtracking, on each graph an IR-algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Markus Anders , Jendrik Brachter , Pascal Schweitzer

The analysis of the internal structure of trees is highly important for both forest experts, biological scientists, and the wood industry. Traditionally, CT-scanners are considered as the most efficient way to get an accurate inner…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Mohamed Mejri , Antoine Richard , Cédric Pradalier

In order to study convergences of looptrees, we construct continuum trees and looptrees from real-valued c\`adl\`ag functions without negative jumps called excursions. We then provide a toolbox to manipulate the two resulting codings of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Robin Khanfir

We classify closed curves on a once-punctured torus with a single self-intersection from a combinatorial perspective. We determine the number of closed curves with given word-length and with zero, one, and arbitrary self-intersections.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-11-11 David Fisac , Mingkun Liu

A {\em tree cover} of a metric space $(X,d)$ is a collection of trees, so that every pair $x,y\in X$ has a low distortion path in one of the trees. If it has the stronger property that every point $x\in X$ has a single tree with low…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Yair Bartal , Nova Fandina , Ofer Neiman

A shelling of a graph, viewed as an abstract simplicial complex that is pure of dimension 1, is an ordering of its edges such that every edge is adjacent to some other edges appeared previously. In this paper, we focus on complete bipartite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-11 Yibo Gao , Junyao Peng

The rooted tree is an important data structure, and the subtree size, height, and depth are naturally defined attributes of every node. We consider the problem of the existence of a k-ary tree given a list of attribute sequences. We give…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-19 Akshar Varma
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