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An extension of fluctuation-dissipation theorem is used to derive a "speed limit" theorem for nonlinear electronic devices. This speed limit provides a lower bound on the dissipation that is incurred when transferring a given amount of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-23 Léopold Van Brandt , Jean-Charles Delvenne

Reversible logic has received great attention in the recent years due to their ability to reduce the power dissipation which is the main requirement in low power digital design. It has wide applications advanced computing, low power CMOS…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-03-25 H. R. Bhagyalakshmi , M. K. Venkatesha

We have developed a new superconducting digital technology, Reciprocal Quantum Logic, that uses AC power carried on a transmission line, which also serves as a clock. Using simple experiments we have demonstrated zero static power…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-05-27 Quentin P. Herr , Anna Y. Herr , Oliver T. Oberg , Alexander G. Ioannidis

Near zero-energy computing describes the concept of executing logic operations below the (kBT ln 2) energy limit. Landauer discussed that it is impossible to break this limit as long as the computations are performed in the conventional,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Frank Sill Torres , Philipp Niemann , Robert Wille , Rolf Drechsler

Robust gate sequences are widely used to reduce the sensitivity of gate operations to experimental imperfections. Typically, the optimization minimizes the average gate error, however, recent work in quantum error correction has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Sven Jandura , Jeff D Thompson , Guido Pupillo

The energy efficiency of neural processing units (NPU) is playing a critical role in developing sustainable data centers. Our study with different generations of NPU chips reveals that 30%-72% of their energy consumption is contributed by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yuqi Xue , Jian Huang

The NOT operation is a reversible transformation acting on a 1-bit logical state, and should be achievable in a physically reversible manner at no energetic cost. We experimentally demonstrate a bit-flip protocol based on the momentum of an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-01 Salambô Dago , Ludovic Bellon

Combinational or Classical logic circuits dissipate heat for every bit of information that is lost. Information is lost when the input vector cannot be recovered from its corresponding output vector. Reversible logic circuit implements only…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2010-08-20 Md. Saiful Islam , Muhammad Mahbubur Rahman , Zerina begum , Mohd. Zulfiquar Hafiz

Reversible logic is gaining interest of many researchers due to its low power dissipating characteristic. In this paper we proposed a new approach for designing online testable reversible circuits. The resultant testable reversible circuit…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2013-12-31 Md. Selim Al Mamun , Pronab Kumar Mondal , Uzzal Kumar Prodhan

Today, almost all information processing is performed using electronic logic circuits operating with up to several gigahertz frequency. All-optical logic, however, that holds the promise to allow up to three orders of magnitude higher speed…

We introduce a thermodynamically consistent, minimal stochastic model for complementary logic gates built with field-effect transistors. We characterize the performance of such gates with tools from information theory and study the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-25 Chloe Ya Gao , David T. Limmer

We have analyzed energy dissipation in a digital device (``Single-Electron Parametron'') in which discrete degrees of freedom are used for presenting digital information. If the switching speed is not too high, the device may operate…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 Konstantin K. Likharev , Alexander N. Korotkov

Irreversible logic circuits dissipate heat for every bit of information that is lost. Information is lost when the input vector cannot be recovered from its corresponding output vector. Reversible logic circuit naturally takes care of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2010-08-20 Md. Saiful Islam , Muhammad Mahbubur Rahman , Zerina Begum , Mohd. Zulfiquar Hafiz

We study admittance and energy dissipation in an out-of-equlibrium single electron box. The system consists of a small metallic island coupled to a massive reservoir via single tunneling junction. The potential of electrons in the island is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Ya. I. Rodionov , I. S. Burmistrov

The realization of fault-tolerant quantum computation hinges on the ability to execute deep quantum circuits while maintaining gate fidelities consistently above error-correction thresholds. Although neutral-atom arrays have recently…

Silicon-based quantum logic is a promising technology to implement universal quantum computing. It is widely believed that a millikelvin cryogenic environment will be necessary to accommodate silicon-based qubits. This prompts a question of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Pavel Lougovski , Nicholas A. Peters

At molecular scales, fluctuations play a significant role and prevent biomolecular processes from always proceeding in a preferred direction, raising the question of how limited amounts of free energy can be dissipated to obtain directed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-10-05 Aidan I. Brown , David A. Sivak

Using a thermodynamically consistent, mesoscopic model for modern complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors, we study an array of logical circuits and explore how their function is constrained by recent thermodynamic uncertainty…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-03-28 Phillip Helms , Songela W. Chen , David T. Limmer

We report the statistical properties of the fluctuations of the energy flux in an electronic RC circuit driven with a stochastic voltage. The fluctuations of the power injected in the circuit are measured as a function of the damping rate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-05-06 Claudio Falcón , Eric Falcon

Recent advancements in the realizations of superconducting diodes have pushed the diode coefficient $\eta$ towards its theoretical maximum of $\eta=1$. In this work, we describe the construction of logic gates NOT, AND, OR, NAND and NOR…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-11-01 Pavan Hosur