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We study the Goldbach problem for primes represented by the polynomial $x^2+y^2+1$. The set of such primes is sparse in the set of all primes, but the infinitude of such primes was established by Linnik. We prove that almost all even…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-31 Joni Teräväinen

The ternary Goldbach conjecture states that every odd number n>=7 is the sum of three primes. The estimation of sums of the form \sum_{p\leq x} e(\alpha p), \alpha = a/q + O(1/q^2), has been a central part of the main approach to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-31 H. A. Helfgott

We establish two new Waring--Goldbach type representations: every sufficiently large odd integer $n$ can be expressed as \[ n = p_1^2 + p_2^2 + p_3^3 + p_4^3 + p_5^5 + p_6^6 + p_7^c, \] where each $p_i$ is prime and $c \in \{6,7\}$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Geovane Matheus Lemes Andrade , Hemar Godinho

We study an asymptotic formula for average orders of Goldbach representations of an integer as the sum of k primes. We extend the existing result for k=2 to a general k, for which we obtain a better error term. Moreover, we prove an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-23 Thi Thu Nguyen

Let $N$ be a sufficiently large, odd integer. We prove an asymptotic formula for the number of representations of $N$ as the sum of three primes, one of which is smaller than a given $U$. By inserting the currently best zero-density…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Michael Harm

We answer the question positively. In fact, we believe to have proved that every even integer $2N\geq3\times10^{6}$ is the sum of two odd distinct primes. Numerical calculations extend this result for $2N$ in the range $8-3\times10^{6}$.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-10-12 Paolo Starni

In this paper, it is established that every sufficiently large positive integer $n$ subject to $n\equiv0\pmod2$ can be represented as a sum of one square of prime and seventeen fifth powers of primes, which gives an enhancement upon the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Min Zhang , Jinjiang Li , Fei Xue

The ternary Goldbach conjecture states that every odd number $n\geq 7$ is the sum of three primes. The estimation of the Fourier series $\sum_{p\leq x} e(\alpha p)$ and related sums has been central to the study of the problem since Hardy…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-04-15 H. A. Helfgott

We prove that if $A$ is a subset of those primes which are congruent to $1 \pmod{3}$ such that the relative density of $A$ in this residue class is larger than $\frac{1}{2},$ then every sufficiently large odd integer $n$ which satisfies $n…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Ali Alsetri

Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we obtain asymptotic formulas for the average number representations of an even integer as the sum of two primes. We use the method of Bhowmik and Schlage-Puchta and refine their results slightly to obtain a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-27 D. A. Goldston , Liyang Yang

We approach a new proof of the strong Goldbach's conjecture for sufficiently large even integers by applying the Dirichlet's series. Using the Perron formula and the Residue Theorem in complex variable integration, one could show that any…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-11-07 Ahmad Sabihi

We prove new results on the additive theory of reversed primes $\overleftarrow{p}$; that is, primes $p$ which are written backwards in a fixed base $b\geq 2$. In particular, we study a variant of Goldbach's conjecture, looking at…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-22 Michael Harm , Daniel R. Johnston

In this paper, it is proved that, for $\gamma\in(\frac{317}{320},1)$, every sufficiently large odd integer can be written as the sum of nine cubes of primes, each of which is of the form $[n^{1/\gamma}]$. This result constitutes an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Linji Long , Jinjiang Li , Min Zhang , Yankun Sui

Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we prove that for all $x\geq 2$, there exists at least one even integer within the interval $(x, x+123\log^2x]$, that can be expressed as the sum of two primes. This result is an improvement over the recent…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Andrés Chirre , Markus Valås Hagen

In the present work we demonstrate that the so called Goldbach conjecture from 1742, All positive even numbers greater than two can be expressed as a sum of two primes, due to Leonhard Euler, is a true statement. This result is partially…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 P. H. Pereyra , B. E. J. Bodmann

We formulate some refinements of Goldbach's conjectures based on heuristic arguments and numerical data. For instance, any even number greater than 4 is conjectured to be a sum of two primes with one prime being 3 mod 4. In general, for…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-05 Kimball Martin

The Goldbach conjecture states that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers. This conjecture was first proposed by German mathematician Christian Goldbach in 1742 and, despite being obviously true,…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Kenneth A. Watanabe

In this paper I introduce a model which allows one to prove Goldbachs hypothesis. The model is produced by studying Goldbach partitions as displayed by an inverted mirror image of all the primes up to some even number equal to the last…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Kent Slinker

Goldbach`s Conjecture, "every even number greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes" is renamed Goldbach`s Rule for it can not be otherwise. The conjecture is proven by showing that the existence of prime pairs adding to any…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Metin Aktay

The Strong Goldbach conjecture dates back to 1742. It states that every even integer greater than four can be written as the sum of two prime numbers. Since then, no one has been able to prove the conjecture. The only best known result so…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2013-09-06 Redha Bournas