English
Related papers

Related papers: Quantum-like models cannot account for the conjunc…

200 papers

We present a quantum-like (QL) model in that contexts (complexes of e.g. mental, social, biological, economic or even political conditions) are represented by complex probability amplitudes. This approach gives the possibility to apply the…

General Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 Andrei Khrennikov

The problem of using observed correlations to infer causal relations is relevant to a wide variety of scientific disciplines. Yet given correlations between just two classical variables, it is impossible to determine whether they arose from…

We explain the quantum structure as due to the presence of two effects, (a) a real change of state of the entity under influence of the measurement and, (b) a lack of knowledge about a deeper deterministic reality of the measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Diederik Aerts

According to quantum theory, the outcomes of future measurements cannot (in general) be predicted with certainty. In some cases, even with a complete physical description of the system to be measured and the measurement apparatus, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-16 Terence E. Stuart , Joshua A. Slater , Roger Colbeck , Renato Renner , Wolfgang Tittel

We prove a theorem which shows that a collection of experimental data of probabilistic weights related to decisions with respect to situations and their disjunction cannot be modeled within a classical probabilistic weight structure in case…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-05-13 Diederik Aerts , Bart D'Hooghe , Emmanuel Haven

The quantum decision theory is examined in its simplest form of two-condition two-choice setting. A set of inequalities to be satisfied by any quantum conditional probability describing the decision process is derived. Experimental data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-22 Taksu Cheon , Taiki Takahashi

Dempster-Shafer evidence theory has been widely used in various fields of applications, because of the flexibility and effectiveness in modeling uncertainties without prior information. Besides, it has been proven that the quantum theory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Fuyuan Xiao

It is argued that the traditional "realist" methodology of physics, according to which human concepts, laws and theories can grasp the essence of reality, is incompatible with the most fruitful interpretation of quantum formalism. The proof…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 M. Ferrero , D. Salgado , J. L. Sanchez-Gomez

This article may be seen as a summary and a final discussion of the work that the author has done in recent years on the foundation of quantum theory. It is shown that quantum mechanics as a model follows under certain specific conditions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Inge S. Helland

The study of causal relations has recently been applied to the quantum realm, leading to the discovery that not all physical processes have a definite causal structure. While indefinite causal processes have previously been experimentally…

Predictions of quantum theory have been confirmed experimentally in the microscopic domain with no known exceptions. This success motivates physicists to assume universal validity of the theory. To put the predictions of the quantum theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-17 Jindřich Krčmář

In the present article we consider the inverse fallacy, a well known cognitive heuristic experimentally tested in cognitive science, which occurs for intuitive judgments in situations of bounded rationality. We show that the quantum…

General Physics · Physics 2007-08-23 Riccardo Franco

Theories of natural language and concepts have been unable to model the flexibility, creativity, context-dependence, and emergence, exhibited by words, concepts and their combinations. The mathematical formalism of quantum theory has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-09-09 Diederik Aerts , Jan Broekaert , Liane Gabora , Sandro Sozzo

At the onset of quantum mechanics, it was argued that the new theory would entail a rejection of classical logic. The main arguments to support this claim come from the non-commutativity of quantum observables, which allegedly would…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-10 Andrea Oldofredi , Gabriele Carcassi , Christine A. Aidala

Quantum mechanics has been subject to logical scrutiny since its inception. The behavior of quantum systems, which are fundamentally dissimilar from classical systems, often appears to point to a logical inconsistency in quantum mechanics,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-04-01 Felipe Dilho Alves , João Carlos Alves Barata

Three recent arguments seek to show that the universal applicability of unitary quantum theory is inconsistent with the assumption that a well-conducted measurement always has a definite physical outcome. In this paper I restate and analyze…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Richard A. Healey

A central result in the foundations of quantum mechanics is the Kochen-Specker theorem. In short, it states that quantum mechanics is in conflict with classical models in which the result of a measurement does not depend on which other…

Correlation self-testing of quantum theory involves identifying a task or set of tasks whose optimal performance can be achieved only by theories that can realise the same set of correlations as quantum theory in every causal structure.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-06 Kuntal Sengupta , Mirjam Weilenmann , Roger Colbeck

It is argued that the nature of probability is essentially informational rather than physical and that quantum mechanical predictions should be viewed as logical inferences made on the basis of the information content of a given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-04 Mohammad Mehrafarin

Modern quantum engineering techniques enabled successful foundational tests of quantum mechanics. Yet, the universal validity of quantum postulates is an open question. Here we propose a new theoretical framework of Q-data tests, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Michał Eckstein , Paweł Horodecki