Related papers: Quantum-like models cannot account for the conjunc…
Models of quantum gravity imply a fundamental revision of our description of position and momentum that manifests in modifications of the canonical commutation relations. Experimental tests of such modifications remain an outstanding…
One of the most complex systems is the human brain whose formalized functioning is characterized by decision theory. We present a "Quantum Decision Theory" of decision making, based on the mathematical theory of separable Hilbert spaces.…
How to combine uncertain information from different sources has been a hot topic for years. However, with respect to ordinal quantum evidences contained in information, there is no any referable work which is able to provide a solution to…
Relational Quantum Mechanics (RQM) claims to be an interpretation of quantum theory [see arXiv:2109.09170, which appears in the Oxford Handbook of the History of Interpretation of Quantum Physics]. However, there are significant departures…
No theory of physics has been collectively scientifically verified in an experiment so far. It is pointed out that probabilistic structure of quantum theory can be collectively scientifically verified in an experiment. It is also argued…
Quantum Mechanics (QM) predicts the correlation between measurements performed in remote regions of a spatially spread entangled state to be higher than allowed by the intuitive concepts of Locality and Realism (LR). This high correlation…
We develop a systematic approach to quantum probability as a theory of rational betting in quantum gambles. In these games of chance the agent is betting in advance on the outcomes of several (finitely many) incompatible measurements. One…
Stochastic models for quantum state reduction give rise to statistical laws that are in many respects in agreement with those of standard quantum measurement theory. Here we construct a counterexample involving a Hamiltonian with degenerate…
We define an index of compatibility for a probabilistic theory (PT). Quantum mechanics with index 0 and classical probability theory with index 1 are at the two extremes. In this way, quantum mechanics is at least as incompatible as any PT.…
The measurement postulate of quantum theory stands in conflict with the laws of thermodynamics and has evoked debate regarding what actually constitutes a measurement. With the help of modern quantum statistical mechanics, we take the first…
The concept of correlation appears straightforward: measurement outcomes coincide, and patterns emerge. For any record of events, the coefficients are uniquely determined. Thus, if correlations change spontaneously, as seen in quantum…
Quantum theory is formulated as the only consistent way to manipulate probability amplitudes. The crucial ingredient is a consistency constraint: if there are two different ways to compute an amplitude the two answers must agree. This…
In this paper, we introduce a new model of selection behavior under risk that describes an essential cognitive process for comparing values of objects and making a selection decision. This model is constructed by the quantum-like approach…
The multinomial model is one of the simplest statistical models. When constraints are placed on the possible values for the probabilities, however, it becomes much more difficult to deal with. Model checking and checking for prior-data…
The task of testing whether quantum theory applies to all physical systems and all scales requires considering situations where a quantum probe interacts with another system that need not obey quantum theory in full. Important examples…
The quantum logical `or' is analyzed from a physical perspective. We show that it is the existence of EPR-like correlation states for the quantum mechanical entity under consideration that make it nonequivalent to the classical situation.…
Several concrete examples in quantum information are discussed to demonstrate the importance of proper modeling that relates the mathematical description to real-world applications. In particular, it is shown that some commonly accepted…
A recent experiment testing the necessity of complex numbers in the standard formulation of quantum theory is recreated using IBM quantum computers. To motivate the experiment, we present a basic construction for real-valued quantum theory.…
Many theoretical calculations of subtle coherent effects in quantum mechanics do not carefully consider the interface between their calculations and experiment. Calculations for gedanken experiments using initial states not satisfied in…
This note shows how quantum entanglement may be simulated in classical computing. The simulated entanglement protocol is implemented using oblivious transfer in the simplest case and other many-to-one mappings in more general cases. For the…