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We present a method for inducing new dialogue systems from very small amounts of unannotated dialogue data, showing how word-level exploration using Reinforcement Learning (RL), combined with an incremental and semantic grammar - Dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Dimitrios Kalatzis , Arash Eshghi , Oliver Lemon

When using a tool, the grasps used for picking it up, reposing, and holding it in a suitable pose for the desired task could be distinct. Therefore, a key challenge for autonomous in-hand tool manipulation is finding a sequence of grasps…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Ethan K. Gordon , Rana Soltani Zarrin

End-to-end spoken dialogue models have garnered significant attention because they offer a higher potential ceiling in expressiveness and perceptual ability than cascaded systems. However, the intelligence and expressiveness of current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yifu Chen , Shengpeng Ji , Qian Chen , Tianle Liang , Yangzhuo Li , Ziqing Wang , Wen Wang , Jingyu Lu , Haoxiao Wang , Xueyi Pu , Fan Zhuo , Zhou Zhao

To overcome the curses of dimensionality and modeling of Dynamic Programming (DP) methods to solve Markov Decision Process (MDP) problems, Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods are adopted in practice. Contrary to traditional RL algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Arghyadip Roy , Vivek Borkar , Abhay Karandikar , Prasanna Chaporkar

End-to-end multi-task dialogue systems are usually designed with separate modules for the dialogue pipeline. Among these, the policy module is essential for deciding what to do in response to user input. This policy is trained by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Navin Kamuni , Hardik Shah , Sathishkumar Chintala , Naveen Kunchakuri , Sujatha Alla Old Dominion

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a promising approach to solve complex control tasks by learning policies through interactions with the environment. However, the training of DRL policies requires large amounts of training experiences,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Hongpeng Cao , Mirco Theile , Federico G. Wyrwal , Marco Caccamo

This paper investigates the resilience and robustness of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) policies to adversarial perturbations in the state space. We first present an approach for the disentanglement of vulnerabilities caused by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Vahid Behzadan , William Hsu

How can we train a dialog model to produce better conversations by learning from human feedback, without the risk of humans teaching it harmful chat behaviors? We start by hosting models online, and gather human feedback from real-time,…

Policy networks are a central feature of deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms for continuous control, enabling the estimation and sampling of high-value actions. From the variational inference perspective on RL, policy networks, when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Joseph Marino , Alexandre Piché , Alessandro Davide Ialongo , Yisong Yue

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful approach for tackling complex medical decision-making problems such as treatment planning, personalized medicine, and optimizing the scheduling of surgeries and appointments. It has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Ying Liu , Haozhu Wang , Huixue Zhou , Mingchen Li , Yu Hou , Sicheng Zhou , Fang Wang , Rama Hoetzlein , Rui Zhang

Many task-oriented dialogue systems use deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to learn policies that respond to the user appropriately and complete the tasks successfully. Training DRL agents with diverse dialogue trajectories prepare them well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Zhiwen Tang , Hrishikesh Kulkarni , Grace Hui Yang

This paper presents 'SimpleDS', a simple and publicly available dialogue system trained with deep reinforcement learning. In contrast to previous reinforcement learning dialogue systems, this system avoids manual feature engineering by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Heriberto Cuayáhuitl

As a key component to intuitive cognition and reasoning solutions in human intelligence, causal knowledge provides great potential for reinforcement learning (RL) agents' interpretability towards decision-making by helping reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Ruichu Cai , Siyang Huang , Jie Qiao , Wei Chen , Yan Zeng , Keli Zhang , Fuchun Sun , Yang Yu , Zhifeng Hao

Advanced vehicle control is a fundamental building block in the development of autonomous driving systems. Reinforcement learning (RL) promises to achieve control performance superior to classical approaches while keeping computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Bernd Frauenknecht , Tobias Ehlgen , Sebastian Trimpe

Vision-language-action (VLA) models demonstrate strong generalization in robotic manipulation but face challenges in complex, real-world tasks. While supervised fine-tuning with demonstrations is constrained by data quality, reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Piaopiao Jin , Qi Wang , Guokang Sun , Ziwen Cai , Pinjia He , Yangwei You

Recent advances in learning decision-making policies can largely be attributed to training expressive policy models, largely via imitation learning. While imitation learning discards non-expert data, reinforcement learning (RL) can still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Max Sobol Mark , Tian Gao , Georgia Gabriela Sampaio , Mohan Kumar Srirama , Archit Sharma , Chelsea Finn , Aviral Kumar

Recently, sequence learning methods have been applied to the problem of off-policy Reinforcement Learning, including the seminal work on Decision Transformers, which employs transformers for this task. Since transformers are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Shmuel Bar-David , Itamar Zimerman , Eliya Nachmani , Lior Wolf

We investigate the task of learning to follow natural language instructions by jointly reasoning with visual observations and language inputs. In contrast to existing methods which start with learning from demonstrations (LfD) and then use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Wenhan Xiong , Xiaoxiao Guo , Mo Yu , Shiyu Chang , Bowen Zhou , William Yang Wang

Many studies have proposed methods for optimizing the dialogue performance of an entire pipeline task-oriented dialogue system by jointly training modules in the system using reinforcement learning. However, these methods are limited in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Atsumoto Ohashi , Ryuichiro Higashinaka

A learning dialogue agent can infer its behaviour from interactions with the users. These interactions can be taken from either human-to-human or human-machine conversations. However, human interactions are scarce and costly, making…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Thibault Cordier , Tanguy Urvoy , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona , Fabrice Lefèvre