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Reinforcement learning (RL) provides an appealing formalism for learning control policies from experience. However, the classic active formulation of RL necessitates a lengthy active exploration process for each behavior, making it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Ashvin Nair , Abhishek Gupta , Murtaza Dalal , Sergey Levine

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a general framework for adaptive control, which has proven to be efficient in many domains, e.g., board games, video games or autonomous vehicles. In such problems, an agent faces a sequential decision-making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Olivier Buffet , Olivier Pietquin , Paul Weng

Recent neural models of dialogue generation offer great promise for generating responses for conversational agents, but tend to be shortsighted, predicting utterances one at a time while ignoring their influence on future outcomes. Modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-30 Jiwei Li , Will Monroe , Alan Ritter , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Dan Jurafsky

Traditional continuous deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms employ deterministic or unimodal Gaussian actors, which cannot express complex multimodal decision distributions. This limitation can hinder their performance in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ziqi Wang , Jiashun Liu , Ling Pan

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has made great achievements since proposed. Generally, DRL agents receive high-dimensional inputs at each step, and make actions according to deep-neural-network-based policies. This learning mechanism…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Kun Shao , Zhentao Tang , Yuanheng Zhu , Nannan Li , Dongbin Zhao

This paper proposes a deep neural network model for joint modeling Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Dialogue Management (DM) in goal-driven dialogue systems. There are three parts in this model. A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Yue Ma , Xiaojie Wang , Zhenjiang Dong , Hong Chen

Efficient planning of activities is essential for modern industrial assembly lines to uphold manufacturing standards, prevent project constraint violations, and achieve cost-effective operations. While exact solutions to such challenges can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Ali Mohamed Ali , Luca Tirel , Hashim A. Hashim

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods generally engage in exploratory behavior through noise injection in the action space. An alternative is to add noise directly to the agent's parameters, which can lead to more consistent exploration…

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have been successfully applied to a range of challenging sequential decision making and control tasks. In this paper, we classify RL into direct and indirect RL according to how they seek the optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yang Guan , Shengbo Eben Li , Jingliang Duan , Jie Li , Yangang Ren , Qi Sun , Bo Cheng

Dynamic Reinforcement Learning (Dynamic RL), proposed in this paper, directly controls system dynamics, instead of the actor (action-generating neural network) outputs at each moment, bringing about a major qualitative shift in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Katsunari Shibata

Recent work applying deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to solve traveling salesman problems (TSP) has shown that DRL-based solvers can be fast and competitive with TSP heuristics for small instances, but do not generalize well to larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Wenbin Ouyang , Yisen Wang , Shaochen Han , Zhejian Jin , Paul Weng

This paper studies satisfaction of temporal properties on unknown stochastic processes that have continuous state spaces. We show how reinforcement learning (RL) can be applied for computing policies that are finite-memory and deterministic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-29 Milad Kazemi , Sadegh Soudjani

Recent work on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has pointed out that algorithmic information about good policies can be extracted from offline data which lack explicit information about executed actions. For example, videos of humans or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Haozhe Liu , Mingchen Zhuge , Bing Li , Yuhui Wang , Francesco Faccio , Bernard Ghanem , Jürgen Schmidhuber

In this work, we propose Behavior-Guided Actor-Critic (BAC), an off-policy actor-critic deep RL algorithm. BAC mathematically formulates the behavior of the policy through autoencoders by providing an accurate estimation of how frequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Ammar Fayad , Majd Ibrahim

In dialog system, dialog act recognition and sentiment classification are two correlative tasks to capture speakers intentions, where dialog act and sentiment can indicate the explicit and the implicit intentions separately. Most of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Libo Qin , Wanxiang Che , Yangming Li , Minheng Ni , Ting Liu

We introduce D2AC, a new model-free reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm designed to train expressive diffusion policies online effectively. At its core is a policy improvement objective that avoids the high variance of typical policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Lunjun Zhang , Shuo Han , Hanrui Lyu , Bradly C Stadie

We present the first complete attempt at concurrently training conversational agents that communicate only via self-generated language. Using DSTC2 as seed data, we trained natural language understanding (NLU) and generation (NLG) networks…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Alexandros Papangelis , Yi-Chia Wang , Piero Molino , Gokhan Tur

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an intelligent agent to optimise its performance in a task by continuously taking action from an observed state and receiving a feedback from the environment in form of rewards. RL typically uses tables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Alberto Castagna

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been extensively employed in a wide range of decision-making problems, such as games and robotics. Recently, diffusion policies have shown strong potential in modeling multi-modal behaviors, enabling more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Ben Liu , Shunpeng Yang , Hua Chen

This article proposes a model-based deep reinforcement learning (DRL) method to design emergency control strategies for short-term voltage stability problems in power systems. Recent advances show promising results in model-free DRL-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-07 Ramij R. Hossain , Tianzhixi Yin , Yan Du , Renke Huang , Jie Tan , Wenhao Yu , Yuan Liu , Qiuhua Huang