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Related papers: Thinking Inside and Outside the Box

200 papers

The answers people give when asked to 'think of the unexpected' for everyday event scenarios appear to be more expected than unexpected. There are expected unexpected outcomes that closely adhere to the given information in a scenario,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Molly S Quinn , Kathleen Campbell , Mark T Keane

In this paper the author presents some non-conventional thoughts on the complexity of the Universe and the algorithmic reproducibility of the human brain, essentially sparked off by the notion of algorithmic complexity. We must warn that…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Germano D'Abramo

The process of doing Science in condition of uncertainty is illustrated with a toy experiment in which the inferential and the forecasting aspects are both present. The fundamental aspects of probabilistic reasoning, also relevant in real…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2018-02-07 Giulio D'Agostini

I describe a puzzle I wrote for the 2018 MIT Mystery Hunt which introduced new types of people in logic puzzles. I discuss the puzzle itself, the solution, and the mathematics behind it.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-02-19 Tanya Khovanova

The information loss paradox is often discussed from the perspective of the observers who stay outside of a black hole. However, the interior spacetime of a black hole can be rather nontrivial. We discuss the open problems regarding the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-27 Yen Chin Ong

Each market has its singular characteristic. Its inner structure is directly responsible for the observed distributions of returns though this fact is widely overlooked. Big orders lead to doubling the tails. The behavior of a market maker…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2008-12-02 Ari Belenkiy

One might think that, once we know something is computable, how efficiently it can be computed is a practical question with little further philosophical importance. In this essay, I offer a detailed case that one would be wrong. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-05-11 Scott Aaronson

Complexity is an interdisciplinary concept which, first of all, addresses the question of how order emerges out of randomness. For many reasons matrices provide a very practical and powerful tool in approaching and quantifying the related…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-12-18 S. Drozdz , J. Kwapien , J. Speth , M. Wojcik

Can AI solve all math? What do we actually mean by doing mathematics? How do we communicate mathematics? What is mathematics beyond problem solving? This essay is my attempt to answer these questions.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Petra Schwer

We investigate some versions of the famous 100 prisoner problem for the infinite case, where there are infinitely many prisoners and infinitely many boxes with labels. In this case, many questions can be asked about the admissible steps of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-09-26 Attila Losonczi

The classical and quantum behavior of a particle inside a square box under the influence of the gravitational field is studied. Detailed calculations on periodic orbits, probability densities as well as expectation values and uncertainties…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-15 Daniel Jaud

Any ambitious construction project requires architects for its design and engineers who apply the design to the real world. As scientific research shifts towards large groups which focus on the engineering aspects of linking data to…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-06-17 Abraham Loeb

This is a collection of open problems in geometry that I think of as puzzles: they stick to my brain -- I see many grips, but no spare hands. Puzzle-charm is the only criterion for including a problem here; importance is ignored.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Anton Petrunin

Can machines truly think? This question and its answer have many implications that depend, in large part, on any number of assumptions underlying how the issue has been addressed or considered previously. A crucial question, and one that is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-04-29 Murat Okandan

The Rubik's cube is a famous puzzle in which faces can be moved and the corresponding movement operations define a group. We consider here a generalization to any $3$-valent map. We prove an upper bound on the size of the corresponding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-02 Mathieu Dutour Sikirić

Data integration has been recently challenged by the need to handle large volumes of data, arriving at high velocity from a variety of sources, which demonstrate varying levels of veracity. This challenging setting, often referred to as big…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Avigdor Gal , Roee Shraga

Explainable artificial intelligence and interpretable machine learning are research domains growing in importance. Yet, the underlying concepts remain somewhat elusive and lack generally agreed definitions. While recent inspiration from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Kacper Sokol , Peter Flach

In order to legitimate and defend democratic politics under conditions of computational capital, my aim is to contribute a notion of what I am calling explanatory publics. I will explore what is at stake when we question the social and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-04-06 David M. Berry

Complex systems are characterized by specific time-dependent interactions among their many constituents. As a consequence they often manifest rich, non-trivial and unexpected behavior. Examples arise both in the physical and non-physical…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-11-21 Yurij Holovatch , Ralph Kenna , Stefan Thurner

The quantum-mechanical description of the world, including human observers, makes substantial use of entanglement. In order to understand this, we need to adopt concepts of truth, probability and time which are unfamiliar in modern…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-23 Anthony Sudbery