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In this paper, we develop a general method to estimate the instantaneous frequencies of the modes making up a multicomponent signal when the former exhibit interference in the time-frequency plane. In particular, studying the representation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-25 Basile Dubois-Bonnaire , Sylvain Meignen , Kévin Polisano

In previous work, we presented a general framework for instantaneous time-frequency analysis but did not provide any specific details of how to compute a particular instantaneous spectrum (IS). In this work, we use instantaneous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-25 Steven Sandoval , Phillip L. De Leon

Many real-life signals, such as gravitational wave measurements, biomedical signals, or geophysical data, are strongly non-stationary but can be decomposed into mono-component signals that contain only one active frequency over time. This…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-17 Jayanth Mouli , David Anderson , Antonio Cicone

Iterative Filtering (IF) is an alternative technique to the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) algorithm for the decomposition of non-stationary and non-linear signals. Recently in [1] IF has been proved to be convergent for any $L^2$…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-07-28 Antonio Cicone , Haomin Zhou

Integrate-and-fire is a resource efficient time-encoding mechanism that summarizes into a signed spike train those time intervals where a signal's charge exceeds a certain threshold. We analyze the IF encoder in terms of a very general…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-15 Diana Carbajal , José Luis Romero

This paper addresses the problem of expressing a signal as a sum of frequency components (sinusoids) wherein each sinusoid may exhibit abrupt changes in its amplitude and/or phase. The Fourier transform of a narrow-band signal, with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-02-27 Yin Ding , Ivan W. Selesnick

Time-series analysis is critical for a diversity of applications in science and engineering. By leveraging the strengths of modern gradient descent algorithms, the Fourier transform, multi-resolution analysis, and Bayesian spectral…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-23 Daniel E. Shea , Rajiv Giridharagopal , David S. Ginger , Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

Time-frequency representation (TFR) allowing for mode reconstruction plays a significant role in interpreting and analyzing the nonstationary signal constituted of various modes. However, it is difficult for most previous methods to handle…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-01 Haijian Zhang , Guang Hua

Time-frequency (TF) representation of non-stationary signals typically requires the effective concentration of energy distribution along the instantaneous frequency (IF) ridge, which exhibits intrinsic sparsity. Inspired by the sparse…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-15 Zongyue Yang , Baoqing Ding , Shibin Wang , Chuang Sun , Xuefeng Chen

An exact and general expression for the analytic wavelet transform of a real-valued signal is constructed, resolving the time-dependent effects of non-negligible amplitude and frequency modulation. The analytic signal is first locally…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-10-18 Jonathan M. Lilly , Sofia C. Olhede

A time-frequency diagram is a commonly used visualization for observing the time-frequency distribution of radio signals and analyzing their time-varying patterns of communication states in radio monitoring and management. While it excels…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-03 Ying Zhao , Luhao Ge , Huixuan Xie , Genghuai Bai , Zhao Zhang , Qiang Wei , Yun Lin , Yuchao Liu , Fangfang Zhou

By use of window functions, time-frequency analysis tools like Short Time Fourier Transform overcome a shortcoming of the Fourier Transform and enable us to study the time- frequency characteristics of signals which exhibit transient os-…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-07-25 Sangnam Nam

This paper introduces a general and flexible framework for F0 and aperiodicity (additive non periodic component) analysis, specifically intended for high-quality speech synthesis and modification applications. The proposed framework…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Hideki Kawahara , Yannis Agiomyrgiannakis , Heiga Zen

Resolving frequencies in a time-dependent field is classically limited by the measurement bandwidth. Using tools from quantum metrology and quantum control may overcome this limit, yet the full advantage afforded by entanglement so far…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Anirban Dey , Sara Mouradian , Cosmo Lupo , Zixin Huang

Adaptive Local Iterative Filtering (ALIF) is a currently proposed novel time-frequency analysis tool. It has been empirically shown that ALIF is able to separate components and overcome the mode-mixing problem. However, so far its…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-12 Antonio Cicone , Hau-Tieng Wu

The time-frequency uncertainty principle states that the product of the temporal and frequency extents of a signal cannot be smaller than $1/(4\pi)$. We study human ability to simultaneously judge the frequency and the timing of a sound.…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-03-11 Jacob N. Oppenheim , Marcelo O. Magnasco

The objective of this paper is to introduce an innovative approach for the recovery of non-stationary signal components with possibly cross-over instantaneous frequency (IF) curves from a multi-component blind-source signal. The main idea…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-12-29 Charles K. Chui , Qingtang Jiang , Lin Li , Jian Lu

In the tradition of Gabor's 1946 landmark paper [1], we advocate a time-frequency (TF) approach to communications. TF methods for communications have been proposed very early (see the box History). While several tutorial papers and book…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-07-19 Gerald Matz , Helmut Bölcskei , Franz Hlawatsch

The Iterative Filtering method is a technique aimed at the decomposition of non-stationary and non-linear signals into simple oscillatory components. This method, proposed a decade ago as an alternative technique to the Empirical Mode…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-24 Antonio Cicone , Stefano Serra-Capizzano , Haomin Zhou

A simple procedure for the design of recursive digital filters with an infinite impulse response (IIR) and non-recursive digital filters with a finite impulse response (FIR) is described. The fixed-lag smoothing filters are designed to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Hugh Lachlan Kennedy