Related papers: Probing QED Vacuum with Heavy Ions
The quantum vacuum constitutes a fascinating medium of study, in particular since near-future laser facilities will be able to probe the nonlinear nature of this vacuum. There has been a large number of proposed tests of the low-energy,…
The current status of tests of quantum electrodynamics with heavy ions is reviewed. The theoretical predictions for the Lamb shift and the hyperfine splitting in heavy ions are compared with available experimental data. Recent achievements…
In slow collisions of two bare nuclei with the total charge larger than the critical value $Z_{\rm cr} \approx 173$, the initially neutral vacuum can spontaneously decay into the charged vacuum and two positrons. Detection of the…
We review recent theoretical developments relevant to heavy-ion experiments carried out within the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Our main focus is on the description of the dynamics of systems created in…
Quarks play an active role in shaping the QCD vacuum structure. Being dual carriers of both `color' and `electric' charges they also respond to externally applied electromagnetic fields. Thus, in principle, the vacuum of strong interactions…
We review the theoretical aspects relevant in the description of high energy heavy ion collisions, with an emphasis on the learnings about the underlying QCD phenomena that have emerged from these collisions.
This contribution presents a brief summary of the recent past efforts to experimentally explore the QCD phase diagram at high baryon chemical potentials through heavy-ion collisions. A few measurements are highlighted to present the current…
Heavy-ion collisions provide the only laboratory tests of relativistic quantum field theory at finite temperature. Understanding these is a necessary step in understanding the origins of our universe. These lectures introduce the subject to…
We investigate the decay of quantum electrodynamical (QED) vacuum in arbitrary space-dependent electric fields. In particular, we analyze the resonance peaks of the positron emission spectrum for the external fields with subcycle structure.…
We apply effective field theory techniques to study several heavy quark systems. The topics analysed include the singlet static QCD potential, anomalous dimensions in SCET and a comprehensive study of semi-inclusive radiative heavy…
The present status of quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory of heavy few-electron ions is reviewed. The theoretical results are compared with available experimental data. A special attention is focused on tests of QED at strong fields and on…
In this work, we consider atomic spontaneous emission in a system consisting of two identical two-level atoms interacting dispersively with the quantized electromagnetic field in a high-Q cavity. We investigate the destructive effect of the…
In slow collisions of two bare nuclei with the total charge number larger than the critical value, $Z_{\rm cr} \approx 173$, the initially neutral vacuum can spontaneously decay into the charged vacuum and two positrons. Detection of the…
Recent progress in quantum electrodynamics (QED) calculations of highly charged ions is reviewed. The theoretical predictions for the binding energies, the hyperfine splittings, and the g factors are presented and compared with available…
As the realization of a fully operational quantum computer remains distant, quantum simulation, whereby one quantum system is engineered to simulate another, becomes a key goal of great practical importance. Here we report on a variational…
It has been suggested recently that an arbitrary induced theta-vacuum state could be created in heavy ion collisions. If such a state can be created, it would decay by various mechanisms to the fundamental theta=0 state which is the true…
The features of vacuum particle creation in an external classical field are studied for simplest external field models in $3 + 1$ dimensional QED. The investigation is based on a kinetic equation that is a nonperturbative consequence of the…
Hard QCD processes in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions become increasingly relevant and they can be used as probes of the dense matter formed during the violent scatterings. We will discuss how one can use these hard probes to study…
Matter in its present form was formed when our Universe emerged from the quark-gluon phase (QGP) at about 30mus into its evolution. To explore this early period in the laboratory, we study highly excited matter formed in relativistic heavy…
Upcoming high-intensity laser systems will be able to probe the quantum-induced nonlinear regime of electrodynamics. So far unobserved QED phenomena such as the discovery of a nonlinear response of the quantum vacuum to macroscopic…