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We show that super Gromov-Witten invariants can be defined and computed by methods of tropical geometry. When the target is a point, the super invariants are descendant invariants on the moduli space of curves, which can be computed…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Artan Sheshmani , Shing-Tung Yau , Benjamin Zhou

There is a well known correspondence between the triangle inequality for a distance function on a finite set, and idempotency of an associated matrix over the tropical semiring. Recent research has shed new light on the structure…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2012-03-13 Marianne Johnson , Mark Kambites

In this article we study the tropicalization of the Hilbert scheme and its suitability as a parameter space for tropical varieties. We prove that the points of the tropicalization of the Hilbert scheme have a tropical variety naturally…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-09-25 Daniele Alessandrini , Michele Nesci

Each metric graph has canonically associated to it a polarized real torus called its tropical Jacobian. A fundamental real-valued invariant associated to each polarized real torus is its tropical moment. We give an explicit and efficiently…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-10-08 Robin de Jong , Farbod Shokrieh

Much evidence from biological theory and empirical data indicates that, gene tree, phylogenetic trees reconstructed from different genes (loci), do not have to have exactly the same tree topologies. Such incongruence between gene trees…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-13 Ruriko Yoshida , David Barnhill , Keiji Miura , Daniel Howe

The measure-valued Fleming-Viot process is a diffusion which models the evolution of allele frequencies in a multi-type population. In the neutral setting the Kingman coalescent is known to generate the genealogies of the "individuals" in…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-06-24 Andreas Greven , Peter Pfaffelhuber , Anita Winter

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of fixed points for self-mappings defined on bipolar metric spaces using a new class of contractive conditions, namely polynomial-type contractions. Our main results establish…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Gopinath Janardhanan , Gunaseelan Mani , Nancy Delaila John Kennedy , Yaé Ulrich Gaba

Tropical geometry has recently found several applications in the analysis of neural networks with piecewise linear activation functions. This paper presents a new look at the problem of tropical polynomial division and its application to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Ioannis Kordonis , Petros Maragos

We establish a characterization of the vertices of a tropical polyhedron defined as the intersection of finitely many half-spaces. We show that a point is a vertex if, and only if, a directed hypergraph, constructed from the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-13 Xavier Allamigeon , Stephane Gaubert , Eric Goubault

In this work, we introduce a Tropical Axial Attention neural reasoning architecture that replaces vanilla softmax dot-product attention with max-plus operators, inducing a piecewise-linear structure aligned with dynamic programming…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-15 Chris Teska , Kurt Pasque , Ruriko Yoshida , Baran Hashemi

A phylogenetic tree shows the evolutionary relationships among species. Internal nodes of the tree represent speciation events and leaf nodes correspond to species. A goal of phylogenetics is to combine such trees into larger trees, called…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-16 Neil C. A. Moore , Patrick Prosser

We study how geometric properties of tropical convex sets and polytopes, which are of interest in many application areas, manifest themselves in their algebraic structure as modules over the tropical semiring. Our main results establish a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-10-04 Zur Izhakian , Marianne Johnson , Mark Kambites

Motivated by the interest of observing the growth of cancer cells among normal living cells and exploring how galaxies and stars are truly formed, the objective of this paper is to introduce a rigorous and effective method for counting…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2017-07-31 Charles K. Chui , Hrushikesh N. Mhaskar

The aim of this paper is to give a constructive proof of one of the basic theorems of tropical geometry: given a point on a tropical variety (defined using initial ideals), there exists a Puiseux-valued ``lift'' of this point in the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2009-07-28 Anders Nedergaard Jensen , Hannah Markwig , Thomas Markwig

In this paper, we consider weighted counts of tropical plane curves of particular combinatorial type through a certain number of generic points. We give a criterion, derived from tropical intersection theory on the secondary fan, for a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-06-18 Eric Katz

Tropical algebra emerges in many fields of mathematics such as algebraic geometry, mathematical physics and combinatorial optimization. In part, its importance is related to the fact that it makes various parameters of mathematical objects…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-04-26 Dima Grigoriev , Vladimir V. Podolskii

Can algebraic geometry enhance the sharpness, robustness, and interpretability of modern neural reasoning models by equipping them with a mathematically grounded inductive bias? To answer this, we introduce Tropical Attention, an attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Baran Hashemi , Kurt Pasque , Chris Teska , Ruriko Yoshida

The paper studies intrinsic geometry in the tropical plane. Tropical structure in the real affine $n$-space is determined by the integer tangent vectors. Tropical isomorphisms are affine transformations preserving the integer lattice of the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-01-10 Grigory Mikhalkin , Mikhail Shkolnikov

In this paper, we study the interplay between tropical and analytic geometry for closed subschemes of toric varieties. Let $K$ be a complete non-Archimedean field, and let $X$ be a closed subscheme of a toric variety over $K$. We define the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-01-12 Walter Gubler , Joseph Rabinoff , Annette Werner

We introduce a novel intrinsic volume concept in tropical geometry. This is achieved by developing the foundations of a tropical analog of lattice point counting in polytopes. We exhibit the basic properties and compare it to existing…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2019-08-22 Georg Loho , Matthias Schymura