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We study graphs whose chromatic number is close to the order of the graph (the number of vertices). Both when the chromatic number is a constant multiple of the order and when the difference of the chromatic number and the order is a small…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-07-14 Csaba Biró

The number of perfect matchings of a $k$-pfaffian graph can be counted by computing a linear combination of the pfaffians of $k$ matrices. The pfaffian number of a graph $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that $G$ is $k$-pfaffian. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Enrique Junchaya , Alberto Alexandre Assis Miranda , Cláudio L. Lucchesi

We establish tight lower and upper bounds on the number of edges in traceable graphs in several classes of dense graphs. A graph is traceable if it has a Hamiltonian path. We show that the bound is: - quadratic for the class of graphs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Michal Dvořák , Dušan Knop , Michal Opler , Jan Pokorný , Ondřej Suchý , Krisztina Szilágyi

Let $q$ be an odd power of a prime $p$, and $S \subset \mathbb{F}_q^*$ such that $S=-S$ and $S/S \neq \mathbb{F}_q^*$. We show that the clique number of the Cayley graph $\operatorname{Cay}(\mathbb{F}_q^+,S)$ is at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Chi Hoi Yip

A graph is an instrument which is extensively utilized to model various problems in different fields. Up to date, many graphs have been developed to represent algebraic structures, particularly rings in order to study their properties. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-25 Mohammad Hassan Mudaber , Nor Haniza Sarmin , Ibrahim Gambo

We present, to the best of the authors' knowledge, all known results for the (planar) crossing numbers of specific graphs and graph families. The results are separated into various categories; specifically, results for general graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Kieran Clancy , Michael Haythorpe , Alex Newcombe

The Colouring problem is that of deciding, given a graph $G$ and an integer $k$, whether $G$ admits a (proper) $k$-colouring. For all graphs $H$ up to five vertices, we classify the computational complexity of Colouring for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-09-06 Konrad K. Dabrowski , François Dross , Daniël Paulusma

We study inheritance of path-pairability in the Cartesian product of graphs, and prove different (such as additive and multiplicative) inheritance patterns of path-pairability, depending on the size of the Cartesian product. We present…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-31 Gabor Meszaros

The 'boxicity' ('cubicity') of a graph G is the minimum natural number k such that G can be represented as an intersection graph of axis-parallel rectangular boxes (axis-parallel unit cubes) in $R^k$. In this article, we give estimates on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-23 L. Sunil Chandran , Wilfried Imrich , Rogers Mathew , Deepak Rajendraprasad

We prove that if $\mathcal{C}$ is a hereditary class of graphs that is polynomially $\chi$-bounded, then the class of graphs that admit decompositions into pieces belonging to $\mathcal{C}$ along cuts of bounded rank is also polynomially…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Marthe Bonamy , Michał Pilipczuk

Determining whether there exists a graph such that its crossing number and pair crossing number are distinct is an important open problem in geometric graph theory. We show that $\textit{cr}(G)=O(\mathop{\mathrm{pcr}}(G)^{3/2})$ for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-17 Oriol Solé Pi

A graph is $H$-free if it has no induced subgraph isomorphic to $H$. We continue a study into the boundedness of clique-width of subclasses of perfect graphs. We identify five new classes of $H$-free split graphs whose clique-width is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-09-16 Andreas Brandstädt , Konrad K. Dabrowski , Shenwei Huang , Daniël Paulusma

Let $n,k,b$ be integers with $1 \le k-1 \le b \le n$ and let $G_{n,k,b}$ be the graph whose vertices are the $k$-element subsets $X$ of $\{0,\dots,n\}$ with $\max(X)-\min(X) \le b$ and where two such vertices $X,Y$ are joined by an edge if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-21 Konrad Engel , Sebastian Hanisch

A Nordhaus-Gaddum-type result is a (tight) lower or upper bound on the sum or product of a parameter of a graph and its complement. In this paper some variations are considered. First, recall their theorem, which gives bounds on the sum and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-23 Sunny Joseph Kalayathankal , Susanth C

The scramble number of a graph is an invariant recently developed to aid in the study of divisorial gonality. In this paper we prove that scramble number is NP-hard to compute, also providing a proof that computing gonality is NP-hard even…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Marino Echavarria , Max Everett , Robin Huang , Liza Jacoby , Ralph Morrison , Ben Weber

We analyze the number of cliques of given size and the size of the largest clique in tensor product $G \times H$ of two Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi graphs $G$ and $H$. Then an extended clustering coefficient is introduced and is studied for $G \times…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-15 Umit Islak , Bugra Incekara

We give an algorithm that, for every fixed k, decides isomorphism of graphs of rank width at most k in polynomial time. As the clique width of a graph is bounded in terms of its rank width, we also obtain a polynomial time isomorphism test…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-05-15 Martin Grohe , Pascal Schweitzer

Graph product structure theory expresses certain graphs as subgraphs of the strong product of much simpler graphs. In particular, an elegant formulation for the corresponding structural theorems involves the strong product of a path and of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Michael A. Bekos , Giordano Da Lozzo , Petr Hliněný , Michael Kaufmann

We give some new bounds for the clique and independence numbers of a graph in terms of its eigenvalues.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Vladimir Nikiforov

We consider a variation of Cops and Robber, introduced in [D. Cox and A. Sanaei, The damage number of a graph, [Aust. J. of Comb. 75(1) (2019) 1-16] where vertices visited by a robber are considered damaged and a single cop aims to minimize…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-19 Melissa A. Huggan , Margaret-Ellen Messinger , Amanda Porter