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Coupled chemical interactions in a well-mixed solution are commonly formalized as chemical reaction networks (CRNs). However, despite the widespread use of CRNs in the natural sciences, the range of computational behaviors exhibited by CRNs…
Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) formally model chemistry in a well-mixed solution. CRNs are widely used to describe information processing occurring in natural cellular regulatory networks, and with upcoming advances in synthetic biology,…
Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) model systems where molecules interact according to a finite set of reactions such as $A + B \to C$, representing that if a molecule of $A$ and $B$ collide, they disappear and a molecule of $C$ is produced.…
We study the composability of discrete chemical reaction networks (CRNs) that stably compute (i.e., with probability 0 of error) integer-valued functions $f:\mathbb{N}^d\to\mathbb{N}$. We consider output-oblivious CRNs in which the output…
Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) formally model chemistry in a well-mixed solution. CRNs are widely used to describe information processing occurring in natural cellular regulatory networks, and with upcoming advances in synthetic biology,…
Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs) provide a useful abstraction of molecular interaction networks in which molecular structures as well as mass conservation principles are abstracted away to focus on the main dynamical properties of the…
Biological regulatory networks depend upon chemical interactions to process information. Engineering such molecular computing systems is a major challenge for synthetic biology and related fields. The chemical reaction network (CRN) model…
We study the set of output stable configurations of chemical reaction deciders (CRDs). It turns out that CRDs with only bimolecular reactions (which are almost equivalent to population protocols) have a special structure that allows for an…
We initiate the study of rate-constant-independent computation of Boolean predicates and numerical functions in the continuous model of chemical reaction networks (CRNs), which model the amount of a chemical species as a nonnegative,…
Molecular computation based on chemical reaction networks (CRNs) has emerged as a promising paradigm for designing programmable biochemical systems. However, the implementation of complex computations still requires excessively large and…
A chemical reaction network (CRN) is composed of reactions that can be seen as interactions among entities called species, which exist within the system. Endowed with kinetics, CRN has a corresponding set of ordinary differential equations…
We classify the functions $f:\mathbb{N}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ which are stably computable by output-oblivious Stochastic Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs), i.e., systems of reactions in which output species are never reactants. While it…
Formal methods have enabled breakthroughs in many fields, such as in hardware verification, machine learning and biological systems. The key object of interest in systems biology, synthetic biology, and molecular programming is chemical…
Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) model the behavior of chemical reactions in well-mixed solutions and they can be designed to perform computations. In this tutorial we give an overview of various computational models for CRNs. Moreover, we…
Motivation: A Chemical Reaction Network (CRN) is a set of chemical reactions, which can be very complex and difficult to analyze. Indeed, dynamical properties of CRNs can be described by a set of non-linear differential equations that…
We explore the range of probabilistic behaviours that can be engineered with Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs). We show that at steady state CRNs are able to "program" any distribution with finite support in $\mathbb{N}^m$, with $m \geq 1$.…
This paper answers an open question of Chen, Doty, and Soloveichik [1], who showed that a function f:N^k --> N^l is deterministically computable by a stochastic chemical reaction network (CRN) if and only if the graph of f is a semilinear…
We study the model of continuous chemical reaction networks (CRNs), consisting of reactions such as $A+B \to C+D$ that can transform some continuous, nonnegative real-valued quantity (called a *concentration*) of chemical species $A$ and…
Chemical reaction networks, or CRNs, are known to stably compute semilinear Boolean-valued predicates and functions, provided that all reactions are irreversible. However, this property does not hold for wet-lab implementations, as all…
Embedding computation in biochemical environments incompatible with traditional electronics is expected to have wide-ranging impact in synthetic biology, medicine, nanofabrication and other fields. Natural biochemical systems are typically…