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Related papers: Global Defect Topology in Nematic Liquid Crystals

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Active nematics contain topological defects which under sufficient activity move, create and annihilate in a chaotic quasi-steady state, called active turbulence. However, understanding active defects under confinement is an open challenge,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-10-02 Simon Čopar , Jure Aplinc , Žiga Kos , Slobodan Žumer , Miha Ravnik

This work deals with the topological classification of singular foliation germs on $(\mathbb C^{2},0)$. Working in a suitable class of foliations we fix the topological invariants given by the separatrix set, the Camacho-Sad indices and the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-01-19 David Marín , Jean-François Mattei , Éliane Salem

We prove the "Gluing Conjecture" on the spectral side of the categorical geometric Langlands correspondence. The key tool is the structure of crystal on the category of singularities, which allows to reduce the conjecture to the question of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-04-25 D. Arinkin , D. Gaitsgory

We consider a phenomenological continuum theory for an extensile, overdamped active nematic liquid crystal, applicable in the dense regime. Constructed from general principles, the theory is universal, with parameters independent of any…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-12 Elias Putzig , Gabriel S. Redner , Arvind Baskaran , Aparna Baskaran

We study the first homology group of the mapping class group and Torelli group with coefficients in the first rational homology group of the universal abelian cover of the surface. We prove two contrasting results: for surfaces with one…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-04-02 Daniel Minahan , Andrew Putman

Abundant in nature, colloids also find increasingly important applications in science and technology, ranging from direct probing of kinetics in crystals and glasses to fabrication of third-generation quantum-dot solar cells. Because…

The description of point defects in chiral liquid crystals via topological methods requires the introduction of singular contact structures, a generalisation of regular contact structures where the plane field may have singularities at…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-11-25 Joseph Pollard , Gareth P. Alexander

We introduce a notion of homological flips and homological flops. The former includes the class of all flips between Gorenstein normal varieties; while the latter includes the class of all flops between Cohen-Macaulay normal varieties whose…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-02-04 Wai-Kit Yeung

Toroidal nematics are droplets of nematic liquid crystals in the form of a circular torus. When the nematic director is subject to planar degenerate boundary conditions, the bend-only director field with vector lines along the parallels of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-10-29 Andrea Pedrini , Marco Piastra , Epifanio G. Virga

From incompressible flows to electrostatics, harmonic functions can provide solutions to many two-dimensional problems and, similarly, the director field of a planar nematic can be determined using complex analysis. We derive a closed-form…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-12-03 Simon Čopar , Žiga Kos

One generally expects that the techniques of arboreal singularities and gluing of local differential graded categories will result in a useful global invariant for all Weinstein manifolds. In this paper we construct explicit models for the…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Shanon J. Rubin

The first main result is a topological rigidity theorem for complete immersed hypersurfaces of spherical space forms which extends similar results due to do Carmo/Warner, Wang/Xia and Longa/Ripoll. Under certain sharp conditions on the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-01-17 Pedro Zühlke

We present a unified framework to systematically embed complex knotted and linked structures, beyond the torus family, into diverse topological phases, including Hopf insulators, classical spin liquids, topological semimetals, and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-03-27 Snigdh Sabharwal

Topological semimetals, such as Dirac, Weyl, or line-node semimetals, are gapless states of matter characterized by their nodal band structures and surface states. In this work, we consider layered (topologically trivial) insulating systems…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-05-12 Saavanth Velury , Taylor L. Hughes

Morphogenesis of living systems involves topological shape transformations which are highly unusual in the inanimate world. Here we demonstrate that a droplet of a nematic liquid crystal changes its equilibrium shape from a simply-connected…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-04 Runa Koizumi , Dmitry Golovaty , Ali Alqarni , Bing-Xiang Li , Peter J. Sternberg , Oleg D. Lavrentovich

We consider the topological defect lines commuting with the spectral flow and the $\mathcal{N}=(4,4)$ superconformal symmetry in two dimensional non-linear sigma models on K3. By studying their fusion with boundary states, we derive a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-07-04 Roberta Angius , Stefano Giaccari , Roberto Volpato

In experiments which take a liquid crystal rapidly from the isotropic to the nematic phase, a dense tangle of defects is formed. In nematics, there are in principle both line and point defects (``hedgehogs''), but no point defects are…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-31 Mark Hindmarsh

We investigate theoretically the wetting properties of cholesteric liquid crystals at a planar substrate. If the properties of substrate and of the interface are such that the cholesteric layers are not distorted the wetting properties are…

Sunada's work on crystallography emphasizes the role of the "maximal abelian cover" of a graph $X$. This is a covering space of $X$ for which the group of deck transformations is the first homology group $H_1(X,\mathbb{Z})$. An embedding of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-01-27 John C. Baez

Topological defects -- locations of local mismatch of order -- are a universal concept playing important roles in diverse systems studied in physics and beyond, including the universe, various condensed matter systems, and recently, even…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-10-14 Yohei Zushi , Kazumasa A. Takeuchi