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Tree-structured recursive neural networks (TreeRNNs) for sentence meaning have been successful for many applications, but it remains an open question whether the fixed-length representations that they learn can support tasks as demanding as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-05-15 Samuel R. Bowman , Christopher Potts , Christopher D. Manning

Symbolic regression is a powerful system identification technique in industrial scenarios where no prior knowledge on model structure is available. Such scenarios often require specific model properties such as interpretability, robustness,…

Mechanistic Interpretability aims to reverse engineer the algorithms implemented by neural networks by studying their weights and activations. An obstacle to reverse engineering neural networks is that many of the parameters inside a…

Symbolic knowledge can provide crucial inductive bias for training neural models, especially in low data regimes. A successful strategy for incorporating such knowledge involves relaxing logical statements into sub-differentiable losses for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Mattia Medina Grespan , Ashim Gupta , Vivek Srikumar

Human cognition excels at symbolic reasoning, deducing abstract rules from limited samples. This has been explained using symbolic and connectionist approaches, inspiring the development of a neuro-symbolic architecture that combines both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Mohamed Mejri , Chandramouli Amarnath , Abhijit Chatterjee

In this paper we present, by way of case studies, a proof of concept, based on a prototype working on a automotive data set, aimed at showing the potential usefulness of using formulas of {\L}ukasiewicz propositional logic to query…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-12-04 Stefano Aguzzoli , Pietro Codara , Tommaso Flaminio , Brunella Gerla , Diego Valota

Recently, deep architectures, such as recurrent and recursive neural networks have been successfully applied to various natural language processing tasks. Inspired by bidirectional recurrent neural networks which use representations that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-03 Ozan İrsoy , Claire Cardie

Knowledge representation and reasoning in neural networks have been a long-standing endeavor which has attracted much attention recently. The principled integration of reasoning and learning in neural networks is a main objective of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Son Tran , Edjard Mota , Artur d'Avila Garcez

Symbolic regression is a machine learning technique that can learn the governing formulas of data and thus has the potential to transform scientific discovery. However, symbolic regression is still limited in the complexity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Michael Zhang , Samuel Kim , Peter Y. Lu , Marin Soljačić

The goal of neural-symbolic computation is to integrate the connectionist and symbolist paradigms. Prior methods learn the neural-symbolic models using reinforcement learning (RL) approaches, which ignore the error propagation in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-29 Qing Li , Siyuan Huang , Yining Hong , Yixin Chen , Ying Nian Wu , Song-Chun Zhu

The recent developments and growing interest in neural-symbolic models has shown that hybrid approaches can offer richer models for Artificial Intelligence. The integration of effective relational learning and reasoning methods is one of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Henrique Lemos , Pedro Avelar , Marcelo Prates , Luís Lamb , Artur Garcez

Neural-symbolic approaches to machine learning incorporate the advantages from both connectionist and symbolic methods. Typically, these models employ a first module based on a neural architecture to extract features from complex data.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Jaime de Miguel-Rodriguez , Fernando Sancho-Caparrini

Modern self-supervised predictive architectures excel at capturing complex statistical correlations from high-dimensional data but lack mechanisms to internalize verifiable human logic, leaving them susceptible to spurious correlations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yongchao Huang , Hassan Raza

This paper develops a novel methodology for using symbolic knowledge in deep learning. From first principles, we derive a semantic loss function that bridges between neural output vectors and logical constraints. This loss function captures…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-11 Jingyi Xu , Zilu Zhang , Tal Friedman , Yitao Liang , Guy Van den Broeck

An algorithm that learns from a set of examples should ideally be able to exploit the available resources of (a) abundant computing power and (b) domain-specific knowledge to improve its ability to generalize. Connectionist…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-02-03 D. W. Opitz , J. W. Shavlik

Neurosymbolic AI combines the interpretability, parsimony, and explicit reasoning of classical symbolic approaches with the statistical learning of data-driven neural approaches. Models and policies that are simultaneously differentiable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Peter Graf , Patrick Emami

Current high-performance semantic segmentation models are purely data-driven sub-symbolic approaches and blind to the structured nature of the visual world. This is in stark contrast to human cognition which abstracts visual perceptions at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Liulei Li , Wenguan Wang , Yi Yang

Integrating domain knowledge into deep neural networks is a promising way to improve generalization. Existing methods either encode prior knowledge in the loss function or apply post-processing modules, but both depend on identifying useful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Gurucharan Srinivas , Joshua Niemeijer , Frank Köster

There is a wide gap between symbolic reasoning and deep learning. In this research, we explore the possibility of using deep learning to improve symbolic reasoning. Briefly, in a reasoning system, a deep feedforward neural network is used…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Cheng-Hao Cai , Dengfeng Ke , Yanyan Xu , Kaile Su

Classification, which involves finding rules that partition a given data set into disjoint groups, is one class of data mining problems. Approaches proposed so far for mining classification rules for large databases are mainly decision tree…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-01-09 Hongjun Lu , Rudy Setiono , Huan Liu