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We obtain the maximum sum-connectivity indices of graphs in the set of trees and in the set of unicyclic graphs respectively with given number of vertices and maximum degree, and determine the corresponding extremal graphs. Additionally, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-19 Zhibin Du , Bo Zhou , Nenad Trinajstic

A simple and accurate relationship is demonstrated that links the average shortest path, nodes, and edges in a complex network. This relationship takes advantage of the concept of link density and shows a large improvement in fitting…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-04-24 Reginald D. Smith

Minimal spanning trees on infinite vertex sets are investigated. A criterion for minimality of a spanning tree having a finite length is obtained, which generalizes the corresponding classical result for finite sets. It is given an analytic…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-03-18 A. O. Ivanov , A. A. Tuzhilin

This paper revisits the notion of a spanning hypertree of a hypermap introduced by one of its authors and shows that it allows to shed new light on a very diverse set of recent results. The tour of a map along one of its spanning trees used…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-30 Robert Cori , Gábor Hetyei

Inspired by artistic practices such as beadwork and himmeli, we study the problem of threading a single string through a set of tubes, so that pulling the string forms a desired graph. More precisely, given a connected graph (where edges…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Erik D. Demaine , Yael Kirkpatrick , Rebecca Lin

A vertex of degree one is called an end-vertex, and an end-vertex of a tree is called a leaf. A tree with at most $k$ leaves is called a $k$-ended tree. For a positive integer $k$, let $t_k$ be the order of a largest $k$-ended tree. Let…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-26 Zh. G. Nikoghosyan

We study an abstract notion of tree structure which lies at the common core of various tree-like discrete structures commonly used in combinatorics: trees in graphs, order trees, nested subsets of a set, tree-decompositions of graphs and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-28 Reinhard Diestel

In 2006, Bar\'at and Thomassen posed the following conjecture: for each tree $T$, there exists a natural number $k_T$ such that, if $G$ is a $k_T$-edge-connected graph and $|E(G)|$ is divisible by $|E(T)|$, then $G$ admits a decomposition…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-23 Fabio Botler , Guilherme O. Mota , Marcio T. I. Oshiro , Yoshiko Wakabayashi

Consider the nearest neighbor graph for the integer lattice Z^d in d dimensions. For a large finite piece of it, consider choosing a spanning tree for that piece uniformly among all possible subgraphs that are spanning trees. As the piece…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Robin Pemantle

We introduce a persistent Hochschild homology framework for directed graphs. Hochschild homology groups of (path algebras of) directed graphs vanish in degree $i\geq 2$. To extend them to higher degrees, we introduce the notion of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-08-17 Luigi Caputi , Henri Riihimäki

We present a simple linear-time algorithm that finds a spanning tree $T$ of a given $2$-edge-connected graph $G$ such that each vertex $v$ of $T$ has degree at most $\lceil \frac{\deg_G(v)}{2}\rceil + 1$.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Dariusz Dereniowski , Janusz Dybizbański , Przemysław Karpiński , Michał Zakrzewski , Paweł Żyliński

Tree sets are posets with additional structure that generalize tree-like objects in graphs, matroids, or other combinatorial structures. They are a special class of abstract separation systems. We study infinite tree sets and how they…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-16 Jay Lilian Kneip

A tree with at most k leaves is called k-ended tree, and a tree with exactly k leaves is called k-end tree, where a leaf is a vertex of degree one. Contraction of a graph G along the edge e means deleting the edge e and identifying its end…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-30 Hamed Ghasemian Zoeram

We prove a general width duality theorem for combinatorial structures with well-defined notions of cohesion and separation. These might be graphs and matroids, but can be much more general or quite different. The theorem asserts a duality…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Reinhard Diestel , Sang-il Oum

We consider questions related to the existence of spanning trees in graphs with the property that after the removal of any path in the tree the graph remains connected. We show that, for planar graphs, the existence of trees with this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-29 Cristina G. Fernandes , César Hernández-Vélez , Orlando Lee , José C. de Pina

Building on prior work that established Matrix Quasi-tree Theorems for special embedded graphs, in this paper, we develop a comprehensive theory applicable to all embedded graphs. We introduce symbolic skew-adjacency matrices and reduction…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Qingying Deng , Xian'an Jin , Qi Yan , Yexiang Yan

(DRAFT VERSION) In this article we present a proof of the famous Kirchoff's Matrix-Tree theorem, which relates the number of spanning trees in a connected graph with the cofactors (and eigenvalues) of its combinatorial Laplacian matrix.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-08-02 Saad Quader

We show that a graph $G$ has a normal spanning tree if and only if its vertex set is the union of countably many sets each separated from any subdivided infinite clique in $G$ by a finite set of vertices. This proves a conjecture by Brochet…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-27 Max Pitz

Jaeger, Linial, Payan, and Tarsi introduced the notion of $A$-connectivity for graphs in 1992, and proved a decomposition for cubic graphs from which $A$-connectivity follows for all 3-edge-connected graphs when $|A|\geq 6$. The concept of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-08 Alejandra Brewer Castano , Jessica McDonald , Kathryn Nurse

Suspensions of hard core spherical particles of diameter $D$ with inter-core connectivity range $\delta$ can be described in terms of random geometric graphs, where nodes represent the sphere centers and edges are assigned to any two…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-09-12 Claudio Grimaldi