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Chess has long been a testbed for AI's quest to match human intelligence, and in recent years, chess AI systems have surpassed the strongest humans at the game. However, these systems are not human-aligned; they are unable to match the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yiming Zhang , Athul Paul Jacob , Vivian Lai , Daniel Fried , Daphne Ippolito

Recent work in deep reinforcement learning has allowed algorithms to learn complex tasks such as Atari 2600 games just from the reward provided by the game, but these algorithms presently require millions of training steps in order to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Benjamin Spector , Serge Belongie

Human beings are particularly good at reasoning and inference from just a few examples. When facing new tasks, humans will leverage knowledge and skills learned before, and quickly integrate them with the new task. In addition to learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Hua Huang , Adrian Barbu

It is a long-standing goal of artificial intelligence (AI) to be superior to human beings in decision making. Games are suitable for testing AI capabilities of making good decisions in non-numerical tasks. In this paper, we develop a new AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Ran Tian , Nan Li , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Anouck Girard

The game of Go has a long history in East Asian countries, but the field of Computer Go has yet to catch up to humans until the past couple of years. While the rules of Go are simple, the strategy and combinatorics of the game are immensely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Jeffrey Barratt , Chuanbo Pan

Game balancing is an important part of the (computer) game design process, in which designers adapt a game prototype so that the resulting gameplay is as entertaining as possible. In industry, the evaluation of a game is often based on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Vanessa Volz , Günter Rudolph , Boris Naujoks

There are an increasing number of domains in which artificial intelligence (AI) systems both surpass human ability and accurately model human behavior. This introduces the possibility of algorithmically-informed teaching in these domains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Zhenwei Tang , Difan Jiao , Reid McIlroy-Young , Jon Kleinberg , Siddhartha Sen , Ashton Anderson

Strategy card game is a well-known genre that is demanding on the intelligent game-play and can be an ideal test-bench for AI. Previous work combines an end-to-end policy function and an optimistic smooth fictitious play, which shows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Changnan Xiao , Yongxin Zhang , Xuefeng Huang , Qinhan Huang , Jie Chen , Peng Sun

A co-evolutionary algorithm (CA) based chess player is presented. Implementation details of the algorithms, namely coding, population, variation operators are described. The alpha-beta or mini-max like behaviour of the player is achieved…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Nuno Ramos , Sergio Salgado , Agostinho C Rosa

Do neural networks build their representations through smooth, gradual refinement, or via more complex computational processes? We investigate this by extending the logit lens to analyze the policy network of Leela Chess Zero, a superhuman…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Elias Sandmann , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Wojciech Samek

To reduce the danger of powerful super-intelligent AIs, we might make the first such AIs oracles that can only send and receive messages. This paper proposes a possibly practical means of using machine learning to create two classes of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-07 James D. Miller , Roman Yampolskiy , Olle Haggstrom , Stuart Armstrong

This work uses genetic programming to explore the space of continuous optimisers, with the goal of discovering novel ways of doing optimisation. In order to keep the search space broad, the optimisers are evolved from scratch using Push, a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Michael A. Lones

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has achieved great success in many domains, and game AI is widely regarded as its beachhead since the dawn of AI. In recent years, studies on game AI have gradually evolved from relatively simple environments…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Junjie Li , Sotetsu Koyamada , Qiwei Ye , Guoqing Liu , Chao Wang , Ruihan Yang , Li Zhao , Tao Qin , Tie-Yan Liu , Hsiao-Wuen Hon

Advances in deep reinforcement learning have allowed autonomous agents to perform well on Atari games, often outperforming humans, using only raw pixels to make their decisions. However, most of these games take place in 2D environments…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-30 Guillaume Lample , Devendra Singh Chaplot

As humans seek to collaborate with, learn from, and better understand artificial intelligence systems, developing AIs that can accurately emulate individual decision-making becomes increasingly important. Chess, a long-standing AI benchmark…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Zhenwei Tang , Difan Jiao , Eric Xue , Reid McIlroy-Young , Jon Kleinberg , Siddhartha Sen , Ashton Anderson

Automatic digitization of chess games using computer vision is a significant technological challenge. This problem is of much interest for tournament organizers and amateur or professional players to broadcast their over-the-board (OTB)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 David Mallasén Quintana , Alberto Antonio del Barrio García , Manuel Prieto Matías

Recently, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology use has been rising in sports to reach decisions of various complexity. At a relatively low complexity level, for example, major tennis tournaments replaced human line judges with Hawk-Eye…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-07-19 Nejat Anbarci , Mehmet S. Ismail

In the last decade, deep learning has achieved great success in machine learning tasks where the input data is represented with different levels of abstractions. Driven by the recent research in reinforcement learning using deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Dejan Markovikj

AI systems are increasingly used to assist humans in sequential decision-making tasks, yet determining when and how an AI assistant should intervene remains a fundamental challenge. A potential baseline is to recommend the optimal action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Saumik Narayanan , Raja Panjwani , Siddhartha Sen , Chien-Ju Ho

Cheating in chess, by using advice from powerful software, has become a major problem, reaching the highest levels. As opposed to the large majority of previous work, which concerned {\em detection} of cheating, here we try to evaluate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Daniel Keren