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Completeness and transitivity are standard rationality conditions in economics. However, under ambiguity, decision makers sometimes violate these requirements because of the difficulty of forming accurate predictions about ambiguous events.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-16 Kensei Nakamura , Shohei Yanagita

In this article we demonstrate how algorithmic probability theory is applied to situations that involve uncertainty. When people are unsure of their model of reality, then the outcome they observe will cause them to update their beliefs. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-26 Phil Maguire , Philippe Moser , Rebecca Maguire , Mark Keane

Auditory frisson is the experience of feeling of cold or shivering related to sound in the absence of a physical cold stimulus. Multiple examples of frisson-inducing sounds have been reported, but the mechanism of auditory frisson remains…

I show that if mental states are function of physical states, then they are nonlocal, in a sense that will be explained. I argue that, if mental states are reducible to brain physics, and if they are integrated experiences, this nonlocality…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-02-02 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

Music is a complex auditory stimulus capable of eliciting significant changes in brain activity, influencing cognitive processes such as memory, attention, and emotional regulation. However, the underlying mechanisms of music-induced…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Daniel Szelogowski

We experimentally study a game in which success requires a sufficient total contribution by members of a group. There are significant uncertainties surrounding the chance and the total effort required for success. A theoretical model with…

General Economics · Economics 2022-09-23 Pablo Brañas-Garza , Antonio Cabrales , María Paz Espinosa , Diego Jorrat

The quality of rationales is essential in the reasoning capabilities of language models. Rationales not only enhance reasoning performance in complex natural language tasks but also justify model decisions. However, obtaining impeccable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Hazel H. Kim

A learning path is proposed starting from the characterization of a sound wave, showing how human beings emit articulate sounds in the language, introducing psychoacoustics, i.e. how the sound interacts with ears and it is transduced into…

Physics Education · Physics 2016-01-08 Vera Montalbano

Using a new probabilistic approach we model the relationship between sequences of auditory stimuli generated by stochastic chains and the electroencephalographic (EEG) data acquired while 19 participants were exposed to those stimuli. The…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-23 Noslen Hernández , Aline Duarte , Guilherme Ost , Ricardo Fraiman , Antonio Galves , Claudia D. Vargas

Audio deepfakes have reached a level of realism that makes it increasingly difficult to distinguish between human and artificial voices, which poses risks such as identity theft or spread of disinformation. Despite these concerns, research…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-11 Eugenia San Segundo , Aurora López-Jareño , Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi

Preliminary research in the area of biophysics appears to indicate the existence of quantum entanglement and nonlocality at the biological level, both for human subjects and for neurons derived from human neural stem cells. The lack of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2009-09-29 Fred H. Thaheld

How natural communication sounds are spatially represented across the inferior colliculus, the main center of convergence for auditory information in the midbrain, is not known. The neural representation of the acoustic stimuli results from…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-07-01 Dominika Lyzwa , Florentin Wörgötter

The speech-to-song illusion is a robust psychological phenomenon whereby a spoken sentence sounds increasingly more musical as it is repeated. Despite decades of research, a complete formal account of this transformation is still lacking,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-13 Raja Marjieh , Pol van Rijn , Ilia Sucholutsky , Harin Lee , Thomas L. Griffiths , Nori Jacoby

Drawing inspiration from the notion of cognitive incongruence associated with Stroop's famous experiment, from musical principles, and from the observation that music consumption on an individual basis is becoming increasingly ubiquitous,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-19 Ishwarya Ananthabhotla , Joseph A. Paradiso

Although perceptual (dis)similarity between sensory stimuli seems akin to distance, measuring the Euclidean distance between vector representations of auditory stimuli is a poor estimator of subjective dissimilarity. In hearing, nonlinear…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-03 Sarah Oh , Elijah FW Bowen , Antonio Rodriguez , Damian Sowinski , Eva Childers , Annemarie Brown , Laura Ray , Richard Granger

Creativity, defined as the tendency to generate or recognize new ideas or alternatives and to make connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena, is too vast a horizon to be summed up in such a simple sentence. The extreme abstractness…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-28 Souparno Roy , Archi Banerjee , Ranjan Sengupta , Dipak Ghosh

In the present work, electroencephalographic recordings of healthy human participants were performed to study the entrainment of brainwaves using a variety of stimulus. First, periodic entrainment of the brainwaves was studied using two…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-01-04 Richa Phogat , P. Parmananda

In this paper I examine the process of getting affected by and the process of making sense of non-language sounds and propose the idea of the contextual cognitive apparatus or exo-brain. We are affected by a singing voice even when we do…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-29 Ankur Betageri

The neural mechanisms underlying the comprehension of meaningful sounds are yet to be fully understood. While previous research has shown that the auditory cortex can classify auditory stimuli into distinct semantic categories, the specific…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-20 Kumar Neelabh , Vishnu Sreekumar

We adopt the concept of the correlation matrix to study correlations among sequences of time-extended events occuring repeatedly at consecutive time-intervals. As an application we analyse the magnetoencephalography recordings obtained from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 J. Kwapien , S. Drozdz , A. A. Ioannides