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We argue that for generic systems close to a critical point, an extended Fluctuation-Dissipation relation connects the low frequency non-linear (cubic) susceptibility to the four-point correlation function. In glassy systems, the latter…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Giulio Biroli

We discuss the critical properties of net-baryon-number fluctuations at the chiral restoration transition in matter at nonzero temperature and net-baryon density. The chiral dynamics of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is modeled by the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-03-22 Bengt Friman , Gabor Almasi , Krzysztof Redlich

We consider the effect of volume fluctuations on cumulants of the net baryon number. Based on a general formalism, we derive universal expressions for the net baryon number cumulants in the presence of volume fluctuations with an arbitrary…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-03-03 V. Skokov , B. Friman , K. Redlich

The dynamical fluctuation and correlation of multiplicity distributions of identified baryons and antibaryons produced by the hadronization of the bulk quark system are systematically studied in quark combination model. Starting from the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-01-11 Jun Song , Hai-hong Li , Rui-qin Wang , Feng-lan Shao

We present lattice QCD calculations of higher order cumulants of electric charge distributions for small baryon chemical potentials $\mu_B$ by using up to NNNLO Taylor expansions. Ratios of these cumulants are evaluated on the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2020-10-30 D. Bollweg , J. Goswami , F. Karsch , S. Mukherjee , C. Schmidt

Critical phenomena in phase transitions of strongly interacting matter, governed by quantum chromodynamics, are inherently encoded in the fluctuations of conserved charges. In this work, we study the net-baryon number density fluctuations,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-16 Michał Marczenko

The appearance of large, none-Gaussian cumulants of the baryon number distribution is commonly discussed as a signal for the QCD critical point. We review the status of the Taylor expansion of cumulant ratios of baryon number fluctuations…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-11-29 C. Schmidt , J. Goswami , G. Nicotra , F. Ziesché , P. Dimopoulos , F. Di Renzo , S. Singh , K. Zambello

This work focuses on the fourth order correlations $\chi^{BQ}_{31}$, $\chi^{QB}_{31}$, $\chi^{BQ}_{22}$, $\chi^{BS}_{31}$, $\chi^{SB}_{31}$, $\chi^{BS}_{22}$, $\chi^{QS}_{31}$, $\chi^{SQ}_{31}$, $\chi^{QS}_{22}$, $\chi^{BQS}_{211}$,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-05-15 Shijun Mao , Shuai Yang , Sicheng Lin , Xinran Yang , Guoyun Shao , Wen-Chao Zhang

Considering the 3d Ising universality class of the QCD critical endpoint we use a universal effective action for the description of the baryon-number density fluctuations around the critical region. Calculating the baryon-number…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-02-21 N. G. Antoniou , F. K. Diakonos , X. N. Maintas , C. E. Tsagkarakis

We have estimated the susceptibilities of conserved charges for 2-flavor strongly interacting matter with varying system sizes, using the Polyakov loop enhanced Nambu Jona-Lasinio model. The susceptibilities for vanishing baryon densities…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-31 Abhijit Bhattacharyya , Rajarshi Ray , Subrata Sur

We show that $\omega_B$ or $\omega_{\bar B}$, the squared baryon or antibaryon number fluctuation per baryon or antibaryon, is a possible signature for the quark-gluon plasma that is expected to be created in relativistic heavy ion…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Zi-wei Lin , C. M. Ko

Hydrodynamic fluctuations have been studied in a wide variety of physical, chemical, and biological phenomena in the past decade. In high energy heavy ion collisions, there will be intrinsic fluctuations even if the initial conditions are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-06-18 Joseph I. Kapusta , Juan M. Torres-Rincon

We investigate simultaneous effects of finite system size and global charge conservation on thermal fluctuations in the vicinity of a critical point. For that we consider a finite interacting system which exchanges particles with a finite…

For the three-dimensional random Ising model, the effective sextic coupling constant v_6 and the nonlinear susceptibilities of the fourth (chi_4) and sixth (chi_6) orders are calculated at criticality. These quantities are shown to differ…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 D. V. Pakhnin , A. I. Sokolov , B. N. Shalaev

The QCD phase diagram may feature a critical end point at a temperature T and baryon chemical potential $\mu$ which is accessible in heavy ion collisions. The universal long wavelength fluctuations which develop near this Ising critical…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Boris Berdnikov , Krishna Rajagopal

We show that continuous filling or wedge-wetting transitions are possible in 3D wedge-geometries made from (angled) substrates exhibiting first-order wetting transitions and develop a comprehensive fluctuation theory yielding a complete…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 A. O. Parry , C. Rascon , A. J. Wood

Higher order time-correlators of spontaneous spin fluctuations reveal the information about spin interactions. We argue that in a broad class of spin systems one can justify a phenomenological approach to explore such correlators. Thus, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-02-04 Fuxiang Li , N. A. Sinitsyn

The measurement of particle correlations and fluctuations has been suggested as a method to search for the existence of a phase transition in relativistic heavy ion collisions. If quark-gluon matter is formed in the collision of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Terence J. Tarnowsky

We discuss systematic uncertainties in the chemical freeze-out parameters from the $\chi^2$ analysis of hadron multiplicity ratios in the heavy-ion collision experiments. The systematics due to the choice of specific hadron ratios are found…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-03-11 Sumana Bhattacharyya , Deeptak Biswas , Sanjay K. Ghosh , Rajarshi Ray , Pracheta Singha

The study of event-by-event fluctuations of net-baryon number in a subspace of full phase space is a promising direction for deciphering the structure of strongly interacting matter created in head-on collisions of relativistic heavy…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-08-20 Peter Braun-Munzinger , Krzysztof Redlich , Anar Rustamov , Johanna Stachel