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In the ongoing discussion on thermalization in closed quantum many-body systems, the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) has recently been proposed as a universal concept which attracted considerable attention. So far this concept…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-04 Robin Steinigeweg , Abdelah Khodja , Hendrik Niemeyer , Christian Gogolin , Jochen Gemmer

Having analytical instances of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) is of obvious interest, both for fundamental and applied reasons. This is generically a hard task, due to the belief that non-linear interactions are basic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-01 Javier M. Magan

We study the off-diagonal matrix elements of observables that break the translational symmetry of a spin-chain Hamiltonian, and as such connect energy eigenstates from different total quasimomentum sectors. We consider quantum-chaotic and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-12-08 Tyler LeBlond , Marcos Rigol

We study the equilibration properties of isolated ergodic quantum systems initially prepared in a cat state, i.e a macroscopic quantum superposition of states. Our main result consists in showing that, even though decoherence is at work in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Tony Jin

We investigate off-diagonal matrix elements of local operators in integrable spin chains, focusing on the isotropic spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg chain ($XXX$ chain). We employ state-of-the-art Algebraic Bethe Ansatz results, which allow us to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-18 Federico Rottoli , Vincenzo Alba

Understanding how isolated quantum systems thermalize has recently gathered renewed interest almost 100 years after the first work by von Neumann, thanks to the experimental realizations of such systems. Experimental and numerical pieces of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-08 Ryusuke Hamazaki

We report an example of a many-body system, derived from the double kicked top (DKT), with non-chaotic yet mean-ergodic dynamics that displays \textit{strong} eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in the quantum regime. The analysis…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-26 Avadhut V. Purohit , Harshit Sharma , Udaysinh T. Bhosale

Under unitary time evolution, expectation values of physically reasonable observables often evolve towards the predictions of equilibrium statistical mechanics. The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) states that this is also true…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-04-19 Fabio Anza , Christian Gogolin , Marcus Huber

Motivated by the qualitative picture of Canonical Typicality, we propose a refined formulation of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) for chaotic quantum systems. The new formulation, which we refer to as subsystem ETH, is in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-04-06 Anatoly Dymarsky , Nima Lashkari , Hong Liu

Deriving conditions under which a macroscopic system thermalizes directly from the underlying quantum many-body dynamics of its microscopic constituents is a long-standing challenge in theoretical physics. The well-known eigenstate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-02 Lennart Dabelow , Patrick Vorndamme , Peter Reimann

We ask whether the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) is valid in a strong sense: in the limit of an infinite system, {\it every} eigenstate is thermal. We examine expectation values of few-body operators in highly-excited many-body…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-11-13 Hyungwon Kim , Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda , David A. Huse

In this work, we use quantum complexity theory to quantify the difficulty of distinguishing eigenstates obeying the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). After identifying simple operators with an algebra of low-energy observables and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Ning Bao , Jason Pollack , David Wakeham , Elizabeth Wildenhain

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) provides a cornerstone for understanding thermalization in isolated quantum systems, linking quantum chaos with statistical mechanics. In this work, we extend the ETH framework to open quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Filippo Ferrari , Vincenzo Savona , Fabrizio Minganti

In an isolated quantum many-body system undergoing unitary evolution, we study the thermalization of a subsystem, treating the rest of the system as a bath. In this setting, the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) was proposed to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-30 Aram W. Harrow , Yichen Huang

We present a detailed analysis of the connection between chaos and the onset of thermalization in the spin-boson Dicke model. This system has a well-defined classical limit with two degrees of freedom, and it presents both regular and…

Matrix elements of observables in eigenstates of generic Hamiltonians are described by the Srednicki ansatz within the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH). We study a quantum chaotic spin-fermion model in a one-dimensional lattice,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-28 C. Schönle , D. Jansen , F. Heidrich-Meisner , L. Vidmar

Under the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH), quantum-quenched systems equilibrate towards canonical, thermal ensembles. While at first glance the ETH might seem a very strong hypothesis, we show that it is indeed not only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-03 Giacomo De Palma , Alessio Serafini , Vittorio Giovannetti , Marcus Cramer

We numerically investigate the relaxation dynamics in an isolated quantum system of interacting bosons trapped in a double-well potential after an integrability breaking quench. Using the statistics of the spectrum, we identify the…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2015-09-14 Jayson G. Cosme

We consider a quantum system A U B made up of degrees of freedom that can be partitioned into spatially disjoint regions A and B. When the full system is in a pure state in which regions A and B are entangled, the quantum mechanics of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-11-27 Vedika Khemani , Anushya Chandran , Hyungwon Kim , S. L. Sondhi

Ergodicity has been one of the fundamental concepts underpinning our understanding of thermalization in isolated systems since the first developments in classical statistical mechanics. Recently, a similar notion has been introduced for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-20 Leonard Logaric , John Goold , Shane Dooley