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Resolving single atoms in large-scale volumes has been a goal for atomic resolution microscopy for a long time. Electron microscopy has come close to this goal using a combination of advanced electron optics and computational imaging…
Ptychographic Coherent Diffractive Imaging enables diffraction-limited imaging of nanoscale structures at extreme ultraviolet and x-ray wavelengths, where high-quality image-forming optics are not available. However, its reliance on a set…
Progress in high-resolution x-ray microtomography has provided us with a practical approach to determining three-dimensional (3D) structures of opaque samples at micrometer to submicrometer resolution. In this review, we give an…
Understanding mechanical properties of materials requires not only complete determination of the three-dimensional response at a local scale, but also knowledge of the mode or the mechanism by which deformation takes place. Probing…
The development and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) topological magnetic textures has become an important topic in modern magnetism both for fundamental and technological perspectives. Among the novel 3D spin textures, skyrmionic…
Recent developments in x-ray science provide methods to probe deeply embedded mesoscale grain structures and spatially resolve them using dark field x-ray microscopy (DFXM). Extending this technique to investigate weak diffraction signals…
We introduce the concept of computerized tomographic microscopy in magnetic resonance imaging using the magnetic fields and field gradients from a ferromagnetic probe. We investigate a configuration where a two-dimensional sample is under…
Functional properties of ferroelectric thin films are governed by domains that can be engineered by epitaxial strain. Soft X-ray microscopy can image domain structures with elemental and electronic sensitivity, but hitherto its application…
Three-dimensional (3D) nanomagnetism is a rapidly developing field within magnetic materials research, where exploiting the third dimension unlocks opportunities for innovative applications in areas such as sensing, data storage, and…
Multilayers of Co90Fe10/Pd with different bilayer thicknesses, have been deposited by dc-magnetron sputtering on thermally oxidized Si wafers. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the highly textured crystalline films had columnar…
The Fe/MgO magnetic tunnel junction is a classic spintronic system, with current importance technologically, and interest for future innovation. The key magnetic properties are linked directly to the structure of hard-to-access buried…
X-ray magnetic circular dichroism is an efficient contrast mechanism allowing for a direct sensitivity to magnetization. Combined with an imaging technique such as photoemission electron microscopy, it has been successfully applied to…
Considering the growing interest in magnetic materials for unconventional computing, data storage, and sensor applications, there is active research not only on material synthesis but also characterisation of their properties. In addition…
Co islands and films are characterized by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoemission electron microscopy (XMCD-PEEM). The spatial resolution capabilties of the technique together with atomic growth control permit obtaining perfectly…
While phonons and their related properties have been studied comprehensively in bulk materials, a thorough understanding of surface phonons for nanoscale objects remains elusive. Infra-red imaging methods with photons or electrons exist,…
We investigate the problem of probing the local spatial structure of the magnetic field of the interstellar medium using multi-frequency polarized maps of the synchrotron emission at radio wavelengths. We focus in this paper on the…
We describe a new experimental setup for the detection of magnetic circular dichroism with fast electrons (EMCD). As compared to earlier findings the signal is an order of magnitude higher, while the probed area could be significantly…
A detailed understanding of ultrathin film surface properties is crucial for the proper interpretation of spectroscopic, catalytic and spin-transport data. We present x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and x-ray resonant magnetic…
Shadow X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism Photo-Emission Electron Microscopy (XMCD-PEEM) is a recent technique, in which the photon intensity in the shadow of an object lying on a surface, may be used to gather information about the…
Understanding the mechanisms and spatial correlations of crystallographic symmetry breaking in ferroelectric materials is essential to tuning their functional properties. While optical second harmonic generation (SHG) has long been utilized…