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For a graph $G$, $\chi(G)$ denotes the chromatic number of $G$ and $\omega(G)$ denotes the size of the largest clique in $G$. A hereditary class of graphs is called $\chi$-bounded if there is a function $f$ such that for each graph $G$ in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Kathie Cameron , Ni Luh Dewi Sintiari , Sophie Spirkl

One of the most famous conjecture in graph theory is Hedetniemi's conjecture stating that the chromatic number of the categorical product of graphs is the minimum of their chromatic numbers. Using a suitable extension of the definition of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-14 Hossein Hajiabolhassan , Frédéric Meunier

For any particular class of graphs, algorithms for computational problems restricted to the class often rely on structural properties that depend on the specific problem at hand. This begs the question if a large set of such results can be…

Semialgebraic graphs are graphs whose vertices are points in $\mathbb{R}^d$, and adjacency between two vertices is determined by the truth value of a semialgebraic predicate of constant complexity. We show how to harness polynomial…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jean Cardinal , Micha Sharir

Finding densely connected groups of nodes in networks is a widely used tool for analysis in graph mining. A popular choice for finding such groups is to find subgraphs with a high average degree. While useful, interpreting such subgraphs…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Iiro Kumpulainen , Nikolaj Tatti

We propose a simple and efficient local algorithm for graph isomorphism which succeeds for a large class of sparse graphs. This algorithm produces a low-depth canonical labeling, which is a labeling of the vertices of the graph that…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-20 Julia Gaudio , Miklós Z. Rácz , Anirudh Sridhar

A graph class is monotone if it is closed under taking subgraphs. It is known that a monotone class defined by finitely many obstructions has bounded treewidth if and only if one of the obstructions is a so-called tripod, that is, a…

A class of graphs admits an adjacency labeling scheme of size $b(n)$, if the vertices in each of its $n$-vertex graphs can be assigned binary strings (called labels) of length $b(n)$ so that the adjacency of two vertices can be determined…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Édouard Bonnet , Julien Duron , John Sylvester , Viktor Zamaraev , Maksim Zhukovskii

Characterizing graphs by their spectra is a fundamental and challenging problem in spectral graph theory, which has received considerable attention in recent years. A major unsolved conjecture in this area is Haemers' conjecture which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-04 Wei Wang , Wei Wang

Entropic causal inference is a recent framework for learning the causal graph between two variables from observational data by finding the information-theoretically simplest structural explanation of the data, i.e., the model with smallest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Spencer Compton , Kristjan Greenewald , Dmitriy Katz , Murat Kocaoglu

Clique-width is a well-studied graph parameter owing to its use in understanding algorithmic tractability: if the clique-width of a graph class ${\cal G}$ is bounded by a constant, a wide range of problems that are NP-complete in general…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-23 Konrad K. Dabrowski , Matthew Johnson , Daniël Paulusma

A graph $G$ is said to be a `set graph' if it admits an acyclic orientation that is also `extensional', in the sense that the out-neighborhoods of its vertices are pairwise distinct. Equivalently, a set graph is the underlying graph of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Martin Milanič , Romeo Rizzi , Alexandru I. Tomescu

As it follows from G\"odel's incompleteness theorems, any consistent formal system of axioms and rules of inference should imply a true unprovable statement. Actually, this fundamental principle can be efficiently applicable in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Roman Galay , Daniil Kalistratov

Given a finite set of $2$-edge-coloured graphs $\mathcal F$ and a hereditary property of graphs $\mathcal{P}$, we say that $\mathcal F$ expresses $\mathcal{P}$ if a graph $G$ has the property $\mathcal{P}$ if and only if it admits a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Jan Bok , Santiago Guzmán-Pro , Nikola Jedličková , César Hernández-Cruz

Models of complex networks are generally defined as graph stochastic processes in which edges and vertices are added or deleted over time to simulate the evolution of networks. Here, we define a unifying framework - probabilistic inductive…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-11-10 Nataša Kejžar , Zoran Nikoloski , Vladimir Batagelj

We are interested in characterizing which classes of finite graphs are well-quasi-ordered by the induced subgraph relation. To that end, we devise an algorithm to decide whether a class of finite graphs well-quasi-ordered by the induced…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Aliaume Lopez

Modern graph or network datasets often contain rich structure that goes beyond simple pairwise connections between nodes. This calls for complex representations that can capture, for instance, edges of different types as well as so-called…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Ilya Amburg , Nate Veldt , Austin R. Benson

We raise some questions about graph polynomials, highlighting concepts and phenomena that may merit consideration in the development of a general theory. Our questions are mainly of three types: When do graph polynomials have reduction…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Graham Farr , Kerri Morgan

We give bounds on the L(2,1)-labeling number of a simple graph in terms of its order and its maximum degree. We also describe an infinite class of graphs of which the elements have the highest L(2,1)-labeling numbers in terms of their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-08 Cole Franks

Classes of graphs with bounded expansion are a generalization of both proper minor closed classes and degree bounded classes. Such classes are based on a new invariant, the greatest reduced average density (grad) of G with rank r,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jaroslav Nesetril , Patrice Ossona De Mendez