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Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to deep neural networks (DNNs), allowing adversaries to implant triggers for hidden behaviors in inference. Defending against such vulnerabilities is especially difficult in the post-training setting,…

The rise of pre-trained unified foundation models breaks down the barriers between different modalities and tasks, providing comprehensive support to users with unified architectures. However, the backdoor attack on pre-trained models poses…

Vulnerability reproduction paves a way in debugging software failures, which need intensive manual efforts. However, some key factors (e.g., software configuration, trigger method) are often missing, so we can not directly reproduce the…

We consider a new type of attack on a coherent quantum key distribution protocol [coherent one-way (COW) protocol]. The main idea of the attack consists in measuring individually the intercepted states and sending the rest of them…

A quantum key distribution system may be probed by an eavesdropper Eve by sending in bright light from the quantum channel and analyzing the back-reflections. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a setup for mounting such a…

Quantum Cryptography uses the counter-intuitive properties of Quantum Mechanics for performing cryptographic tasks in a secure and reliable way. The Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol BB84 has been proven secure against several…

State-of-the-art machine learning models are vulnerable to data poisoning attacks whose purpose is to undermine the integrity of the model. However, the current literature on data poisoning attacks is mainly focused on ad hoc techniques…

Quantum zero-knowledge proofs and quantum proofs of knowledge are inherently difficult to analyze because their security analysis uses rewinding. Certain cases of quantum rewinding are handled by the results by Watrous (SIAM J Comput, 2009)…

Wiener's attack is a well-known polynomial-time attack on a RSA cryptosystem with small secret decryption exponent d, which works if d<n^{0.25}, where n=pq is the modulus of the cryptosystem. Namely, in that case, d is the denominator of…

DAGS scheme is a key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) based on quasi-dyadic alternant codes that was submitted to NIST standardization process for a quantum resistant public key algorithm. Recently an algebraic attack was devised by Barelli…

Quantum-based cryptographic protocols are often said to enjoy security guaranteed by the fundamental laws of physics. However, even carefully designed quantum-based cryptographic schemes may be susceptible to subtle attacks that are outside…

We give an achievable secret key rate of a binary modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution schemes in the collective attack scenario considering quantum channels that impose arbitrary noise on the exchanged signals. Bob…

We discuss a new attack, termed a dimension or linear decomposition attack, on several known group-based cryptosystems. This attack gives a polynomial time deterministic algorithm that recovers the secret shared key from the public data in…

Model Inversion (MI) attacks pose a significant threat to the privacy of Deep Neural Networks by recovering training data distribution from well-trained models. While existing defenses often rely on regularization techniques to reduce…

Backdoor attacks, which maliciously control a well-trained model's outputs of the instances with specific triggers, are recently shown to be serious threats to the safety of reusing deep neural networks (DNNs). In this work, we propose an…

In 2022, a prominent supersingular isogeny-based cryptographic scheme, namely SIDH, was compromised by a key recovery attack. However, this attack does not undermine the isogeny path problem, which remains central to the security of…

Quantum key distribution is often regarded as an unconditionally secure method to exchange a secret key by harnessing fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics. Despite the robustness of key exchange, classical post-processing reveals…

This paper introduces a new attack on recent messaging systems that protect communication metadata. The main observation is that if an adversary manages to compromise a user's friend, it can use this compromised friend to learn information…

Existing security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) suffer from two fundamental weaknesses. First, memory attacks have emerged as an important threat to the security of even device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD),…

This paper proposes a novel, non-linear collusion attack on digital fingerprinting systems. The attack is proposed for fingerprinting systems with finite alphabet but can be extended to continuous alphabet. We analyze the error probability…