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The gain of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) increases with bias voltage and decreases with temperature. To operate SiPMs at stable gain, the bias voltage can be readjusted to compensate for temperature changes. We have tested this concept…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-05-22 G. Eigen , J. Cvach , J. Kvasnicka , I. Polak , A. Træet , J. Zalieckas

The gain of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) increases with bias voltage and decreases with temperature. To operate SiPMs at stable gain, the bias voltage can be adjusted to compensate temperature changes. We have tested this concept with…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-10-09 Gerald Eigen

The gain of SiPMs depends both on bias voltage and on temperature. For stable operations, both need to be kept constant. In an ILC calorimeter with millions of channels, this is a challenging task. It is, therefore, desirable to compensate…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-04-01 Jaroslav Cvach , Gerald Eigen , Jiri Kvasnicka , Ivo Polak , Erik van der Kraiij , Justas Zalieckas

Each satellite of the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM, mission) consists of 25 SiPM based gamma-ray detectors (GRDs). Although SiPM based GRD has merits of compact size and low bias-voltage,…

With the successful construction and operation of a highly granular hadron calorimeter system, featuring approx. 22000 individually read out SiPM-on-tile channels, the CALICE collaboration has set the next milestone in proving the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-11-09 Daniel Heuchel

We have designed a system to stabilize the gain of a submillimeter heterodyne receiver against thermal fluctuations of the mixing element. In the most sensitive heterodyne receivers, the mixer is usually cooled to 4 K using a closed-cycle…

NEXT-100 experiment aims at searching the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the Xe-136 isotope using a TPC filled with a 100 kg of high-pressure gaseous xenon, with 90% isotopic enrichment. The experiment will take place at the Laboratorio…

Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPM) are regarded as novel photo-detectors to replace conventional Photo-Multiplier Tubes (PMTs). However, the breakdown voltage dependence on the ambient temperature results in a gain variation of $\sim$3$\%…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 Zhengwei Li , Congzhan Liu , Yupeng Xu , Bo Yan , Yanguo Li , Xuefeng Lu , Xufang Li , Shuo Zhang , Zhi Chang , Jicheng Li , Yifei Zhang , Jianling Zhao

ASTRI SST-2M is one of the prototypes of the small size class of telescopes proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array. Its optical design is based on a dual-mirror Schwarzschild-Couder configuration, and the camera is composed by a matrix…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-08 D. Impiombato , O. Catalano , S. Giarrusso , T. Mineo , G. La Rosa , C. Gargano , P. Sangiorgi , A. Segreto , G. Sottile , G. Bonanno , S. Garozzo , A. Grillo , D. Marano , G. Romeo , R. Gimenes

The MCORD detector is a modular scintillator-based system employing silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and FPGA-based digital signal processing, designed for applications such as cosmic muon detection, veto systems, and detector calibration…

Future high-energy physics experiments using SiPMs as photosensitive elements may require operation at low temperatures (down to 80 K) to measure single photons with high time resolution in a highly radioactive environment. This calls for a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-02-02 P. Carniti , C. Gotti , G. Pessina , D. Trotta

We present in this paper the comparison of methods to measure parameters to characterize a large SiPM of area of about 1 cm$^2$. We also explain the challenges of operating it with continuous light and at room temperature. We present a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-10-28 T. Montaruli , A. Nagai

LaB$_3$:Ce crystals have been introduced for radiation imaging in medical physics, with photomultiplier or single SiPM readout. An R-D was pursued with 1/2" and 1" LaBr3:Ce crystals, from different producers, to realize compact large area…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-10-06 M. Bonesini , R. Bertoni , M. Prata , M. Rossella

This paper reports on the behaviour of Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) detectors under continuous light. Usually, the bias circuit of a SiPM has a resistor connected in series to it, which protects the sensor from drawing too high current.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-01-29 A. Nagai , C. Alispach , D. della Volpe , M. Heller , T. Montaruli , S. Njoh , Y. Reniera , I. Troyano-Pujadas

To assess the viability of a shallow-depth neutrino detector, a Cosmic Muon Veto Detector (CMVD) is being constructed on top of the stack of Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) detectors at TIFR, Mumbai. The CMVD employs extruded plastic…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-09-05 Prajjalak Chattopadhyay , Mandar N. Saraf , Gobinda Majumder , Satyanarayana Bheesette , Ravindra R. Shinde

The Gas Gain Monitoring (GGM) system of the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) muon detector in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment provides fast and accurate determination of the stability in the working point conditions due to gas…

Broadband seismometers are widely used in global observation networks deployed for geophysics research. Recently, the calibration of their sensitivity has become an important factor for ensuring observation accuracy. One of the limiting…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Tomofumi Shimoda , Wataru Kokuyama , Hideaki Nozato

Faults and operational disturbances in Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs), such as valve leakage, present significant challenges, disrupting steam temperature regulation and potentially causing efficiency losses, safety risks, and unit…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Mojtaba Fanoodi , Farzaneh Abdollahi , Mahdi Aliyari Shoorehdeli , Mohsen Maboodi

The design, manufacture and characterisation of an inexpensive, temperature controlled vacuum chamber with millikelvin stability for electrical transport measurements at and near room temperature is reported. A commercially available…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-03-07 S. F. Poole , O. J. Amin , A. Solomon , L. X. Barton , R. P. Campion K. W. Edmonds , P. Wadley

Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) represent a promising alternative to classical photomultipliers, for instance, for the detection of photons in high energy physics and medical physics. In the present work, electrical characterizations of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-08-23 M. J. Boschini , C. Consolandi , P. G. Fallica , M. Gervasi , D. Grandi , M. Mazzillo , S. Pensotti , P. G. Rancoita , D. Sanfilippo , M. Tacconi , G. Valvo
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