Related papers: Primate specific retrotransposons, SVAs, in the ev…
Transposable elements are DNA sequences that can move around to different positions in the genome. During this process, they can cause mutations, and lead to an increase in genome size. Despite representing a large genomic fraction,…
CoV2019 has evolved to be much more dangerous than CoV2003. Experiments suggest that structural rearrangements dramatically enhance CoV2019 activity. We identify a new first stage of infection which precedes structural rearrangements by…
Humans naturally perform audiovisual speech recognition (AVSR), enhancing the accuracy and robustness by integrating auditory and visual information. Spiking neural networks (SNNs), which mimic the brain's information-processing mechanisms,…
Accurate brain age estimation from structural MRI is a valuable biomarker for studying aging and neurodegeneration. Traditional regression and CNN-based methods face limitations such as manual feature engineering, limited receptive fields,…
Attention is fundamental to both biological and artificial intelligence, yet research on animal attention and AI self attention remains largely disconnected. We propose a Recurrent Vision Transformer (Recurrent ViT) that integrates…
In addition to variation in terms of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), whole regions ranging from several kilobases up to a megabase in length differ in copy number among individuals. These differences are referred to as Copy Number…
The Cancer Genome Atlas project was initiated by the National Cancer Institute in order to characterize the genomes of hundreds of tumors of various cancer types. While much effort has been put into detecting somatic genomic variation in…
Emergence during mammalian evolution of concordant and divergent traits of genomic regulatory networks encompassing ubiquitous, qualitatively nearly identical yet quantitatively distinct arrays of sequences of transcription factor binding…
Influential models of primate visual cortex describe two functionally distinct pathways: a ventral pathway for object recognition and the dorsal pathway for spatial and action processing. However, recent human and non-human primate research…
Context: The nature of the progenitors of type Ia supernova (SN) progenitors remains unclear. While it is usually agreed that single-degenerate progenitor systems would be luminous supersoft X-ray sources (SSSs), it was recently suggested…
Representational straightening refers to a decrease in curvature of visual feature representations of a sequence of frames taken from natural movies. Prior work established straightening in neural representations of the primate primary…
Sex chromosomes have evolved repeatedly across the Tree of Life, yet their evolutionary fates differ strikingly. In sharp contrast to mammals and birds with degenerated, stable Y/W chromosomes, in most amphibians, teleosts, non avian…
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which is a neuro development disorder, is often accompanied by sensory issues such an over sensitivity or under sensitivity to sounds and smells or touch. Although its main cause is genetics in nature, early…
The ventral, dorsal, and lateral streams in high-level human visual cortex are implicated in distinct functional processes. Yet, deep neural networks (DNNs) trained on a single task model the entire visual system surprisingly well, hinting…
Elucidating principles that underlie computation in neural networks is currently a major research topic of interest in neuroscience. Transfer Entropy (TE) is increasingly used as a tool to bridge the gap between network structure, function,…
Visual object recognition -- the behavioral ability to rapidly and accurately categorize many visually encountered objects -- is core to primate cognition. This behavioral capability is algorithmically impressive because of the myriad…
By exploiting discrete signal processing and simulating brain neuron communication, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a low-energy alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, existing SNN models, still face high…
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible devastative neurodegenerative disorder associated with progressive impairment of memory and cognitive functions. Its early diagnosis is crucial for the development of possible future treatment…
Behavioral changes in animals and humans, as a consequence of an error or a verbal instruction, can be extremely rapid. Improvement in behavioral performances are usually associated in machine learning and reinforcement learning to synaptic…
The use of pretrained backbones with fine-tuning has been successful for 2D vision and natural language processing tasks, showing advantages over task-specific networks. In this work, we introduce a pretrained 3D backbone, called {\SST},…