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In this contribution I will review the analysis of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen argument, Bell's inequalities and of associated experiments for spins in terms of positive operator valued measures. Specifically, I will explore the relation…
An Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)-like argument using events separated by a time-like interval strongly suggestes that measuring the polarization state of a photon of an entangled pair changes the polarization state of the other distant…
This paper reviews the progress that has been made in our knowledge of quantum correlations at the mesoscopic and macroscopic level. We begin by summarizing the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) argument and the Bell correlations that cannot be…
Photons may have homogeneous polarization and may carry quantized orbital angular momentum (OAM). Photon entanglement has been realized in various degrees of freedom such as polarization and OAM. Using a pair of orthogonally polarized…
We present here a classical optics device based on an imaging architecture as analogy of a quantum system where the violation of the Bell inequality can be evidenced. In our case, the two qbits entangled state needed to obtain non classical…
The violation of a Bell inequality is a striking demonstration of how quantum mechanics contradicts local realism. Although the original argument was presented with a pair of spin 1/2 particles, so far Bell inequalities have been shown to…
Standard Quantum Physics states that the outcome of measurements for some distant entangled subsystems are instantaneously statistically correlated, whatever their mutual distance. This correlation presents itself as if there were a…
Bipartite quantum entangled systems can exhibit measurement correlations that violate Bell inequalities, revealing the profoundly counter-intuitive nature of the physical universe. These correlations reflect the impossibility of…
We report a single-neutron optical experiment to demonstrate the violation of a Bell-like inequality. Entanglement is achieved not between particles, but between the degrees of freedom, in this case, for a single-particle. The spin-{\small…
Consider a scenario where $N$ separated quantum systems are measured, each with one among two possible dichotomic observables. Assume that the $N$ events corresponding to the choice and performance of the measurement in each site are…
We construct a hidden variable model for the EPR correlations using a Restricted Boltzmann Machine. The model reproduces the expected correlations and thus violates the Bell inequality, as required by Bell's theorem. Unlike most…
The predictions of quantum mechanics cannot be resolved with a completely classical view of the world. In particular, the statistics of space-like separated measurements on entangled quantum systems violate a Bell inequality. We put forward…
We analyze some aspects of recently performed Franson-type experiments with entangled photon pairs aimed to test Bell's inequalities. We point out that quantum theory leads to the coincidence rate between detectors which includes in fact a…
We present an experimental method to measure the transverse spatial quantum state of an optical field in coordinate space at the single-photon level. The continuous-variable measurements are made with a photon-counting, parity-inverting…
It is commonly accepted that the results of measurements simultaneously realized over two entangled subsystems are statistically correlated instantaneously regardless of the distance between them. In accordance with Bell theorem, everything…
We introduce a fascinating problem of light detection and ranging measurement without necessitating the return of the photon directed towards the target or object. We approach this challenging problem using quantum entanglement - an…
Quantum metrology deals with improving the resolution of instruments that are otherwise limited by shot noise and it is therefore a promising avenue for enabling scientific breakthroughs. The advantage can be even more striking when quantum…
We report the measurement of a Bell inequality violation with a single atom and a single photon prepared in a probabilistic entangled state. This is the first demonstration of such a violation with particles of different species. The…
The Bell inequalities in three and four correlations are re-derived in general forms showing that three and four data sets, respectively, identically satisfy them regardless of whether they are random, deterministic, measured, predicted, or…
Bell inequalities are a cornerstone of quantum physics. By carefully selecting measurement bases (typically polarization), their violation certifies quantum entanglement. Such measurements are disrupted by the presence of optical disorder…