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A nonclassical feature of the fourth-order interference at a beam splitter, that genuine photon spin singlets are emitted in predetermined directions even when incident photons are unpolarized, has been used in a proposal for an experiment…
The strange property of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) correlation between two remote physical systems is a primitive object on the study of quantum entanglement. In order to understand the entanglement in canonical continuous-variable…
Measuring complex properties in quantum systems, such as measures of quantum entanglement and Bell nonlocality, is inherently challenging. Traditional methods, like quantum state tomography (QST), necessitate a full reconstruction of the…
Bell nonlocality plays a fundamental role in quantum theory. Numerous tests of the Bell inequality have been reported since the ground-breaking discovery of the Bell theorem.Up to now, however, most discussions of the Bell scenario have…
The conflict between Quantum Mechanics (QM) and Local Realism is most noticeable in the correlations observed between distant regions of a spatially spread entangled state. It has been hypothesized that transient deviations (from the values…
Quantum metrology experiments in atomic physics and quantum optics have demonstrated measurement accuracy beyond the shot-noise limit via multi-particle entanglement. At the same time, electron microscopy, an essential tool for…
A novel method for the direct measurement of the degree of polarization is described. It is one of the first practical implementations of a coherent quantum measurement, the projection on the singlet state. Our first results demonstrate the…
Research in the application of quantum structures to cognitive science confirms that these structures quite systematically appear in the dynamics of concepts and their combinations and quantum-based models faithfully represent experimental…
Bell's theorem sets a boundary between the classical and quantum realms, by providing a strict proof of the existence of entangled quantum states with no classical counterpart. An experimental violation of Bell's inequality demands…
We report a measurement of the transverse momentum correlation between two photons by detecting only one of them. Our method uses two identical sources in an arrangement, in which the phenomenon of induced coherence without induced emission…
We propose experiments on quantum entanglement for investigating the Einstein Podolsky Rosen (EPR) problem with the polarization directions of photons. These experiments are performed to investigate whether the defined polarization…
Quantum nonlocality is arguably among the most counter-intuitive phenomena predicted by quantum theory. In recent years, the development of an abstract theory of nonlocality has brought a much deeper understanding of the subject. In…
We show that a modified Relativity Principle could explain in a "classical" way the strange correlations of entangled photons. We propose a gedanken experiment with balls and boxes that predicts the same distribution of probability of the…
In contrast with classical physics, in quantum physics some sets of measurements are incompatible in the sense that they can not be performed simultaneously. Among other applications, incompatibility allows for contextuality and Bell…
Different degrees of freedom of single photons have been entangled and are used as a resource for various quantum technology applications. We present a simple scheme to perform Bell's test and show the violation of CHSH inequality in a…
An ambiguity is pointed out in J.S. Bell's argument that the distinction between quantum mechanics and hidden variable theories cannot be found in the behavior of single-particle beams. Within the context of theories for which states are…
We propose a new test of local realism based on correlation measurements of continuum valued functions of positions and momenta, known as modular variables. The Wigner representation of these observables are bounded in phase space, and…
We demonstrate the relevance of entanglement, Bell inequalities and decoherence in particle physics. In particular, we study in detail the features of the ``strange'' $K^0 \bar K^0$ system as an example of entangled meson--antimeson…
Control over electron-spin states, such as coherent manipulation, filtering and measurement promises access to new technologies in conventional as well as in quantum computation and quantum communication. In this paper, we review recent…
Bell's inequality plays an important role with respect to the Einsteinian question about the physical reality of quantum theory. While Bell's inequality is usually viewed within the geometric framework of a Hilbert space quantum model, the…