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Related papers: Overview of Annotation Creation: Processes & Tools

200 papers

Annotations play a vital role in highlighting critical aspects of visualizations, aiding in data externalization and exploration, collaborative sensemaking, and visual storytelling. However, despite their widespread use, we identified a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Md Dilshadur Rahman , Ghulam Jilani Quadri , Bhavana Doppalapudi , Danielle Albers Szafir , Paul Rosen

Along the design process of interactive system many intermediate artefacts (such as user interface prototypes, task models describing user work and activities, dialog models specifying system behavior, interaction models describing user…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Marco Winckler , Philippe Palanque , Jean-Luc Hak , Eric Barboni , Olivier Nicolas , Laurent Goncalves

One of the primary obstacles in the advancement of Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies for low-resource languages is the lack of annotated datasets for training and testing machine learning models. In this paper, we present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Hrishikesh Terdalkar , Arnab Bhattacharya

Semantic annotation, the process of identifying key-phrases in texts and linking them to concepts in a knowledge base, is an important basis for semantic information retrieval and the Semantic Web uptake. Despite the emergence of semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Gagnon Michel , Zouaq Amal , Aranha Francisco , Ensan Faezeh , Jean-Louis Ludovic

Many annotation tools have been developed, covering a wide variety of tasks and providing features like user management, pre-processing, and automatic labeling. However, all of these tools use Graphical User Interfaces, and often require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Jonathan K. Kummerfeld

By paying more attention to semantics-based tool generation, programming language semantics can significantly increase its impact. Ultimately, this may lead to ``Language Design Assistants'' incorporating substantial amounts of semantic…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jan Heering , Paul Klint

Human data annotation, especially when involving experts, is often treated as an objective reference. However, many annotation tasks are inherently subjective, and annotators' judgments may evolve over time. This study investigates changes…

Annotations in Visual Analytics (VA) have become a common means to support the analysis by integrating additional information into the VA system. That additional information often depends on the current process step in the visual analysis.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-21 Christoph Schmidt , Paul Rosenthal , Heidrun Schumann

Researchers have traditionally recruited native speakers to provide annotations for widely used benchmark datasets. However, there are languages for which recruiting native speakers can be difficult, and it would help to find learners of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Haneul Yoo , Rifki Afina Putri , Changyoon Lee , Youngin Lee , So-Yeon Ahn , Dongyeop Kang , Alice Oh

This paper gives a general description of the ideas behind the Parallel Meaning Bank, a framework with the aim to provide an easy way to annotate compositional semantics for texts written in languages other than English. The annotation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Lasha Abzianidze , Rik van Noord , Chunliu Wang , Johan Bos

In essence, embedding algorithms work by optimizing the distance between a word and its usual context in order to generate an embedding space that encodes the distributional representation of words. In addition to single words or word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Andres Garcia-Silva , Ronald Denaux , Jose Manuel Gomez-Perez

We present a comprehensive survey on the use of annotations in information visualizations, highlighting their crucial role in improving audience understanding and engagement with visual data. Our investigation encompasses empirical studies…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Md Dilshadur Rahman , Bhavana Doppalapudi , Ghulam Jilani Quadri , Paul Rosen

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have contributed to the development of automated writing evaluation (AWE) systems that can correct grammatical errors. However, while these systems are effective at improving text, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Steven Coyne , Diana Galvan-Sosa , Ryan Spring , Camélia Guerraoui , Michael Zock , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Kentaro Inui

This paper describes a new modelling language for the effective design of Java annotations. Since their inclusion in the 5th edition of Java, annotations have grown from a useful tool for the addition of meta-data to play a central role in…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Irene Córdoba , Juan de Lara

Language documentation is inherently a time-intensive process; transcription, glossing, and corpus management consume a significant portion of documentary linguists' work. Advances in natural language processing can help to accelerate this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Graham Neubig , Patrick Littell , Chian-Yu Chen , Jean Lee , Zirui Li , Yu-Hsiang Lin , Yuyan Zhang

Data annotation is an essential step for constructing new datasets. However, the conventional approach of data annotation through crowdsourcing is both time-consuming and expensive. In addition, the complexity of this process increases when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Juhwan Choi , Eunju Lee , Kyohoon Jin , YoungBin Kim

Treebanks are important linguistic resources, which are structured and annotated corpora with rich linguistic annotations. These resources are used in Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, supporting linguistic analyses, and are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Kengatharaiyer Sarveswaran

Annotation tools are the starting point for creating Natural Language Processing (NLP) datasets. There is a wide variety of tools available; setting up these tools is however a hindrance. We propose EEVEE, an annotation tool focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Axel Sorensen , Siyao Peng , Barbara Plank , Rob van der Goot

The range of video annotation software currently available is set within commercially specialized professions, distributed via outdated sources or through online video hosting services. As video content becomes an increasingly significant…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2016-04-21 Matthew Martin , James Charlton , Andy M. Connor

We address the challenges and opportunities in the development of knowledge systems for Sanskrit, with a focus on question answering. By proposing a framework for the automated construction of knowledge graphs, introducing annotation tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Hrishikesh Terdalkar