Related papers: The beginnings of the Soviet encyclopedia
These reminiscences are about the "dark ages" of algorithmic information theory in the USSR. After a great interest in this topic in 1960s and the beginning of 1970s the number of people working in this area in the USSR decreased…
Econophysics is a new research field, which makes an attempt to bring economics in the fold of natural sciences or specifically attempts for a "physics of economics". The term Econophysics was formally born in Kolkata in 1995. The entry on…
The motivations and the status of the K20 survey are presented. The first results on the evolution of massive galaxies and the comparison with the predictions of the currently competing scenarios of galaxy formation are also discussed.
Starting with Einstein's famous papers of 1905, we review some of the ensuing developments and their impact on present-day physics. We attempt to cover topics that are of interest to historians and philosophers of science as well as to…
We describe how cosmology has converged towards a beautiful model of the Universe: the Big Bang Universe. We praise this model, but show there is a dark side to it. This dark side is usually called ``the cosmological problems'': a set of…
We use the directed networks between articles of 24 Wikipedia language editions for producing the Wikipedia Ranking of World Universities (WRWU) using PageRank, 2DRank and CheiRank algorithms. This approach allows to incorporate various…
Wikipedia is a huge global repository of human knowledge, that can be leveraged to investigate interwinements between cultures. With this aim, we apply methods of Markov chains and Google matrix, for the analysis of the hyperlink networks…
To enable efficient exploration of Web-scale scientific knowledge, it is necessary to organize scientific publications into a hierarchical concept structure. In this work, we present a large-scale system to (1) identify hundreds of…
We make a short study of the history and evolution of scientific publications, in order to explain the format for near-term e-Prints servers, proposing a new scientific publication scheme via digital network, and exploring the new dynamics…
The percentages of shares of world publications of the European Union and its member states, China, and the United States have been represented differently as a result of using different databases. An analytical variant of the…
This document is the Special Issue of the First International Conference on the Evolution and Development of the Universe (EDU 2008). Please refer to the preface and introduction for more details on the contributions. Keywords:…
This review paper explores the evolution of discussions about "long-tail" scientific data in the scholarly literature. The "long-tail" concept, originally used to explain trends in digital consumer goods, was first applied to scientific…
We show that the greater the scientific wealth of a nation, the more likely that it will tend to concentrate this excellence in a few premier institutions. That is, great wealth implies great inequality of distribution. The scientific…
Whereas the research program of the measurement of scientific communications emerged in a context where the delineations among academia, government, and industry were institutionalized, the systemic development of these relations during the…
Purpose:In relation to the boom in China's SCI-indexed publications, this opinion piece examines this phenomenon and looks at future possible directions for the reform of China's research evaluation processes. Design/Approach/Methods:This…
We are experiencing a period of extreme intellectual effervescence in the area of cosmology. A huge volume of observational data in unprecedented quantity and quality and a more consistent theoretical framework propelled cosmology to an era…
I am going to compare well-known properties of infinite words with those of infinite permutations, a new object studied since middle 2000s. Basically, it was Sergey Avgustinovich who invented this notion, although in an early study by Davis…
References are an essential part of Wikipedia. Each statement in Wikipedia should be referenced. In this paper, we explore the creation and collection of references for new Wikipedia articles from an editors' perspective. We map out the…
The idea that the universe is filled with the thermal radiation now termed the Cosmic Microwave Background was first discussed in eleven publications in the year 1948. These papers offer a detailed example of the process of development of a…
This paper analyzes sustainable regional economic development and land use employing a case study of Russia. The economics of land management in Russia which is shaped by both historical legacies and contemporary policies represents an…