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Related papers: Time Really Passes, Science Can't Deny That

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We review the idea, due to Einstein, Eddington, Hoyle and Ballard, that time is a subjective label, whose primary purpose is to order events, perhaps in a higher-dimensional universe. In this approach, all moments in time exist…

General Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Paul S. Wesson

The idea of a moving present or `now' seems to form part of our most basic beliefs about reality. Such a present, however, is not reflected in any of our theories of the physical world. I show in this article that presentism, the doctrine…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-03-20 Gustavo E. Romero

The concept of only One-dimensional time is wrong, time is Four-dimensional. The light refraction emerges directly that time is four-dimensional to us perfectly. It translates some thing incomprehensible into easily comprehensible in…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 ShuRun Zhang

This is a comment on both Gruber et al (2022) and Bunamano and Rovelli (2022), which discuss the relation between physical time and human time. I claim here, contrary to many views discussed there, that there is no foundational conflict…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-31 George F R Ellis

The Block Universe idea, representing spacetime as a fixed whole, suggests the flow of time is an illusion: the entire universe just is, with no special meaning attached to the present time. This view is however based on time-reversible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 George F. R. Ellis

This article aims at applying the approaches peculiar to analytic philosophy to the question about representation of the concept of time as a symbol which can reflect the bases of the modern natural sciences, social sciences and humanities.…

General Physics · Physics 2021-04-02 Sergey B. Kulikov

This paper lends perspective to the media catchphrase that <time does not exist>. To show how phrases such as this should be interpreted, we formulate some of the most important questions that arise in discussions about time in physics. We…

Popular Physics · Physics 2022-03-25 Fedde Benedictus

Selection theory requires multiple, distinct, simultaneously-actualized states. In cognition, each thought or cognitive state changes the 'selection pressure' against which the next is evaluated; they are not simultaneously selected…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Liane Gabora

Two people may claim both to be naturalists, but have divergent conceptions of basic elements of the natural world which lead them to mean different things when they talk about laws of nature, or states, or the role of mathematics in…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-11-01 Lee Smolin

Are time-travels possible? is the past still existing? and is the future already existing? We try to give an answer to these an other questions concerning the properties of time and the close connection (but deep physical difference)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-09 Maurizio Gasperini

Living systems exhibit a range of fundamental characteristics: they are active, self-referential, self-modifying systems. This paper explores how these characteristics create challenges for conventional scientific approaches and why they…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Samson Abramsky , Wolfgang Banzhaf , Leo S. D. Caves , Michael Levin , Penousal Machado , Charles Ofria , Susan Stepney , Roger White

We discuss the emergence of time in quantum gravity, and ask whether time is always "something that flows"'. We first recall that this is indeed the case in both relativity and quantum mechanics, although in very different manners: time…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-04-10 Pierre Martinetti

This is a philosophy paper rather than mathematical physics work. I will publish it in some other place.

General Physics · Physics 2009-08-17 Da Xu

It is often said that in general relativity time does not exist. This is because the Einstein equations generate motion in time that is a symmetry of the theory, not true time evolution. In quantum gravity, the timelessness of general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-11 Fotini Markopoulou

A review of some basic facts of classical dynamics shows that time, or precisely duration, is redundant as a fundamental concept. Duration and the behaviour of clocks emerge from a timeless law that governs change.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-03-23 Julian Barbour

The existence of a global time is often taken for granted but should instead be considered as a matter of investigation. By using the tools of global Lorentzian geometry I show that, under physically reasonable conditions, the impossibility…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-02-17 E. Minguzzi

Theoretical physics is the search for simple and universal mathematical descriptions of the natural world. In contrast, much of modern biology is an exploration of the complexity and diversity of life. For many, this contrast is prima facie…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 William Bialek

Have our fundamental theories got time right? Does size really matter? Or is physics all in the eyes of the beholder? In this essay, we question the origin of time and scale by reevaluating the nature of measurement. We then argue for a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-02-06 Sean Gryb , Flavio Mercati

The nature of the scientific method is controversial with claims that a single scientific method does not even exist. However the scientific method does exist. It is the building of logical and self consistent models to describe nature. The…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-07-13 B. K. Jennings

This paper presents yet another personal reflection on one the most important concepts in both science and the humanities: time. This elusive notion has been not only bothering philosophers since Plato and Aristotle. It goes throughout…

General Physics · Physics 2015-09-01 Plamen L. Simeonov