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Missing data is a fundamental challenge in data science, significantly hindering analysis and decision-making across a wide range of disciplines, including healthcare, bioinformatics, social science, e-commerce, and industrial monitoring.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Jicong Fan

Missing outcomes are a commonly occurring problem for cluster randomised trials, which can lead to biased and inefficient inference if ignored or handled inappropriately. Two approaches for analysing such trials are cluster-level analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-19 Anower Hossain , Karla Diaz-Ordaz , Jonathan W. Bartlett

Inferring causal effects of a treatment, intervention or policy from observational data is central to many applications. However, state-of-the-art methods for causal inference seldom consider the possibility that covariates have missing…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-26 Imke Mayer , Julie Josse , Félix Raimundo , Jean-Philippe Vert

Alongside consistency, completeness of information is one of the key factors influencing data quality. The objective of this paper is to define ways of treating missing entries in pairwise comparisons (PC) method with respect to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Konrad Kułakowski , Anna Prusak , Jacek Szybowski

Missing data are ubiquitous in empirical databases, yet statistical analyses typically require complete data matrices. Multiple imputation offers a principled solution for filling these gaps. This study evaluates the performance of several…

Computation · Statistics 2026-02-05 Enzo Porto Brasil

We study the problem of ignorability in likelihood-based inference from incomplete categorical data. Two versions of the coarsened at random assumption (car) are distinguished, their compatibility with the parameter distinctness assumption…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Manfred Jaeger

Missing data, the data value that is not recorded for a variable, occurs in almost all statistical analyses and may be caused by many reasons, such as lack of collection or a lack of documentation. Researchers need to adequately deal with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Sarah Alsufyani , Matthew Forshaw , Sara Johansson Fernstad

We consider an empirical likelihood inference for parameters defined by general estimating equations when some components of the random observations are subject to missingness. As the nature of the estimating equations is wide-ranging, we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-03-05 Dong Wang , Song Xi Chen

Despite the growing interest in causal and statistical inference for settings with data dependence, few methods currently exist to account for missing data in dependent data settings; most classical missing data methods in statistics and…

In this paper, we consider the problem of testing independence in high-dimensional settings with missing data. Building upon a recently proposed Kendall-based statistic, we introduce two new modifications specifically designed to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-28 Marija Cuparić , Bojana Milošević , Jelena Radojević

Envelope method was recently proposed as a method to reduce the dimension of responses in multivariate regressions. However, when there exists missing data, the envelope method using the complete case observations may lead to biased and…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-25 Linquan Ma , Lan Liu , Wei Yang

A fundamental research question is how much a variation in a covariate influences a binary response variable in a logistic regression model, both directly or through mediators. We derive the exact formula linking the parameters of marginal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-20 Elena Stanghellini , Marco Doretti

This paper proposes a general multiple imputation approach for analyzing large-scale data with missing values. An imputation model is derived from a joint distribution induced by a latent variable model, which can flexibly capture…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-26 Siliang Zhang , Yunxiao Chen , Jouni Kuha

This paper addresses one of the most prevalent problems encountered by political scientists working with difference-in-differences (DID) design: missingness in panel data. A common practice for handling missing data, known as complete case…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-02 Sooahn Shin

Economic evaluations from individual-level data are an important component of the process of technology appraisal, with a view to informing resource allocation decisions. A critical problem in these analyses is that both effectiveness and…

Applications · Statistics 2018-02-01 Andrea Gabrio , Alexina J. Mason , Gianluca Baio

Relational models for contingency tables are generalizations of log-linear models, allowing effects associated with arbitrary subsets of cells in a possibly incomplete table, and not necessarily containing the overall effect. In this…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-05-01 Anna Klimova , Tamás Rudas

DAG models with hidden variables present many difficulties that are not present when all nodes are observed. In particular, fully observed DAG models are identified and correspond to well-defined sets ofdistributions, whereas this is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Jacob A. Wegelin , Thomas S. Richardson

Nonmonotone missing data arise routinely in empirical studies of social and health sciences, and when ignored, can induce selection bias and loss of efficiency. In practice, it is common to account for nonresponse under a missing-at-random…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-20 Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen , Linbo Wang , BaoLuo Sun

We propose a procedure for imputing missing values of time-dependent covariates in a survival model using fully conditional specification. Specifically, we focus on imputing missing values of a longitudinal marker in joint modeling of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-29 Havi Murad , Nirit Agay , Rachel Dankner

We present a method for incorporating missing data in non-parametric statistical learning without the need for imputation. We focus on a tree-based method, Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART), enhanced with "Missingness Incorporated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-02-14 Adam Kapelner , Justin Bleich
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