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Nearly 30 years ago, two-photon interference was observed, marking the beginning of a new quantum era. Indeed, two-photon interference has no classical analogue, giving it a distinct advantage for a range of applications. The peculiarities…

Two-photon interference is a cornerstone of photonic quantum technologies. However, its practical implementation in promising hybrid architectures is severely constrained by the requirement of photon wavepacket indistinguishability, in…

We experimentally demonstrated the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference between two photons after visible-to-telecommunication wavelength conversion. In the experiment, we prepared a heralded single photon by using spontaneous parametric…

We report the continuous and partially nondestructive measurement of optical photons. For a weak light pulse traveling through a slow-light optical medium (signal), the associated atomic-excitation component is detected by another light…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-27 Mahdi Hosseini , Kristin M. Beck , Yiheng Duan , Wenlan Chen , Vladan Vuletić

The second-order intensity correlation of entangled photons has been intensively studied for decades, particularly for the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect and nonlocal correlation -- key quantum phenomena that have no classical counterparts.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-20 Byoung S. Ham

According to the identity principle in quantum theory, states of a system consisted of identical particles should maintain unchanged under interchanging between two of the particles. The whole wavefunction should be symmetrized or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-08 Wei-Tao Liu , Wei Wu , Ping-Xing Chen , Cheng-Zu Li , Jian-Min Yuan

Quantum entanglement generation is generally known to be impossible by any classical means. According to Poisson statistics, coherent photons are not considered quantum particles due to the bunching phenomenon. Recently, a coherence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-23 B. S. Ham

Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect was long believed to be a two-photon interference phenomenon. It describes the fact that two indistinguishable photons mixed at a beam splitter will bunch together to one of the two output modes. Considering the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-13 Li-Kai Yang , Han Cai , Tao Peng , Da-Wei Wang

One of the fastest growing areas of interest in quantum computing is its use within machine learning methods, in particular through the application of quantum kernels. Despite this large interest, there exist very few proposals for relevant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-12 Cassandra Bowie , Sally Shrapnel , Michael Kewming

The celebrated Hong, Ou and Mandel (HOM) effect is one of the simplest illustrations of two-particle interference, and is unique to the quantum realm. In the original experiment, two photons arriving simultaneously in the input channels of…

Nonclassicality filters provide a universal method to visualize the nonclassicality of arbitrary quantum states of light through negativities of a regularized Glauber-Sudarshan $P$ function, also denoted as nonclassicality quasiprobability.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-06 B. Kühn , W. Vogel

The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is one of the most intriguing quantum optical phenomena and crucial in performing quantum optical communication and computation tasks. Lately, twin beam emitters such as those relying on the process of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 K. Laiho , T. Dirmeier , G. Shafiee , Ch. Marquardt

Two strongly-pumped parametric interactions are simultaneously realized in a single nonlinear crystal in order to generate three strongly correlated optical fields. By combining together the outputs of two of the three detectors measuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Jan Perina , Jaromir Krepelka , Jan Perina , Maria Bondani , Alessia Allevi , Alessandra Andreoni

The Hong-Ou-Mandel effect lies at the heart of quantum interferometry, having multiple applications in the field of quantum information processing and no classical counterpart. Despite its popularity, only a few works have considered…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-07 Olli Siltanen , Tom Kuusela , Jyrki Piilo

Nonclassical states of light are necessary resources for quantum technologies such as cryptography, computation and the definition of metrological standards. Observing signatures of nonclassicality generally requires inferring either the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-23 Tim J. Bartley , Gaia Donati , Xian-Min Jin , Animesh Datta , Marco Barbieri , Ian A. Walmsley

Two-photon anticorrelation is observed when laser and pseudothermal light beams are incident to the two input ports of a Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer, respectively. The spatial second-order interference pattern of laser and pseudothermal…

Optics · Physics 2014-04-01 Jianbin Liu , Yu Zhou , Fu-Li Li , Zhuo Xu

The Hong--Ou--Mandel (HOM) effect is often introduced through a single benchmark: coincidence suppression for \(\ket{1}\otimes\ket{1}\) at a balanced beam splitter. We present a classroom-oriented instructional module that broadens this…

Physics Education · Physics 2026-05-28 Melissa Coronado Arrieta , Boris Kiefer

The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is analyzed for photons in a modified Mach-Zehnder setup with two particles experiencing different gravitational potentials, which are later recombined using a beam-splitter. It is found that the HOM effect…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-29 Marco Rivera-Tapia , Marcel I. Yáñez Reyes , A. Delgado , G. Rubilar

In the original formulation of the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) experiment, when two otherwise indistinguishable photons are incident upon the two input ports of a balanced beam splitter, they coalesce, always leaving via the same output port. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Felix Mann , Helen M. Chrzanowski , Marlon Placke , Felipe Gewers , Sven Ramelow

We propose a methodology to emulate quantum phenomena arising from any non-classical quantum state using only a finite set of mixtures of coherent states. This allows us to successfully reproduce well-known quantum effects using resources…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 A. Mikhalychev , Y. S. Teo , H. Jeong , A. Stefanov , D. Mogilevtsev