Related papers: Vacuum degeneracy in Massive gravity=Multiplicity …
We explain the origin of the mass for the Nambu-Goldstone bosons when there is a chemical potential in the action which breaks explicitly the symmetry. The method is based on the number of independent histories for the interaction of the…
According to a commonly held view of spontaneously broken symmetry in gauge theories, troublesome Nambu-Goldstone bosons are effectively eliminated by turning into longitudinal modes of a massive vector meson. This note shows that this is…
We establish a classical analog of the Nambu-Goldstone theorem for spontaneous breaking of spacetime symmetries. It provides a counting rule for independent Nambu-Goldstone fields and states which of them are gapped. We demonstrate that…
It is shown that a Nambu-Goldstone (NG) field may be coherently produced by a large number of particles in spite of the fact that the NG bosons do not couple to flavor conserving scalar densities like $\bar{\psi}\psi$. If a flavor…
It is shown that a true Nambu-Goldstone (NG) boson develops a coherent long-range field whenever the charge associated with it that is carried by the other particles is not conserved in a macroscopic scale. The source of a NG field is the…
The reformulation of gravity as the Nambu-Goldstone mode associated with broken gauge symmetry is given and applied to cosmology. We find that; the new gravity consists of a scalar mode and a tensor mode, of which the tensor mode…
We demonstrate that when there is spontaneous symmetry breaking in any system, relativistic or non-relativistic, the dynamic of the Nambu-Goldstone bosons is governed by the Quantum Yang-Baxter equations. These equations describe the…
We study the effects of Goldstone modes on the stability of the vacuum in a $U(1)$ theory for a complex scalar field. The dynamics of the field resemble those of Keplerian motion in the presence of time-dependent friction, whose equations…
The fate of the Nambu-Goldstone modes arising from spontaneous Lorentz violation is investigated. Using the vierbein formalism, it is shown that up to 10 Lorentz and diffeomorphism Nambu-Goldstone modes can appear and that they are…
In a wide class of three-dimensional Abelian gauge theories with a bare Chern-Simons term, the Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken by dynamical generation of a non-vanishing magnetic field. A detailed computation of an energy density…
We present a new mechanism of fluctuation-induced Nambu-Goldstone bosons in a scalar field theory of Higgs-Josephson systems. We consider a simple scalar field model with $U(1)^n$ rotational symmetry. When there is an interaction which…
It is shown that nonlinear terms in equations of gravitons on the background of curved space-time of the expanding Universe can solve the problem of the negative square of the effective mass formally arising in linear approximation for…
Vacuum bubbles, formed in first order phase transitions, have important implications for cosmology. In particular, they source gravitational waves. Usually, it is assumed that, once bubbles are materialized, their state, further evolution…
Nicolis and Piazza have recently pointed out the existence of Nambu-Goldstone-like excitations in relativistic systems at finite density, whose gap is exactly determined by the chemical potential and the symmetry algebra. We show that the…
Spatial modulation has been studied for a long time in condensed matter, nuclear matter and quark matter, so far in non-relativistic field theories. In this paper, spatially modulated vacua at zero temperature and zero density are studied…
The exact symmetry induced by the global shift of energy scale for the cosmological constant in the action of matter fields is spontaneously broken by setting the density of real vacuum energy and explicitly broken by the gravity that means…
We discuss novel effects in the phenomenology of a light Higgs boson within the context of composite models. We show that large modifications may arise in the decay of a composite Nambu-Goldstone boson Higgs to a photon and a Z boson, h ->…
Spontaneous breaking of local Lorentz symmetry is of interest as a possible mechanism originating from physics at the Planck scale. If such breaking occurs, however, it raises the questions of what the fate of the Nambu-Goldstone modes is,…
Theories with spontaneous local Lorentz and diffeomorphism violation contain massless Nambu-Goldstone modes, which arise as field excitations in the minimum of the symmetry-breaking potential. If the shape of the potential also allows…
It is shown that nonlinear terms in equations of gravitons on the background of curved space-time of the expanding Universe can solve the problem of the negative square of the effective mass formally arising in linear approximation for…