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The decoy-state method in quantum key distribution (QKD) is a popular technique to approximately achieve the performance of ideal single-photon sources by means of simpler and practical laser sources. In high-speed decoy-state QKD systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Víctor Zapatero , Álvaro Navarrete , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Marcos Curty

We present a conceptually clear introduction to quantum theory, deriving the theory from scratch from the point of view of quantum information. Different subsets of these lectures were taught to a wide variety of audiences, including…

Popular Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Barak Shoshany

Quantum Federated Learning (QFL) is an emerging interdisciplinary field that merges the principles of Quantum Computing (QC) and Federated Learning (FL), with the goal of leveraging quantum technologies to enhance privacy, security, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Chao Ren , Rudai Yan , Huihui Zhu , Han Yu , Minrui Xu , Yuan Shen , Yan Xu , Ming Xiao , Zhao Yang Dong , Mikael Skoglund , Dusit Niyato , Leong Chuan Kwek

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure key generation method between two distant parties by wisely exploiting properties of quantum mechanics. In QKD, experimental measurement outcomes on quantum states are transformed by the two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-01 Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Xiongfeng Ma , H. F. Chau

The use of quantum bits (qubits) in cryptography holds the promise of secure cryptographic quantum key distribution schemes. It is based usually on single-photon polarization states. Unfortunately, the implemented ``qubits'' in the usual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-06 Gilles Brassard , Tal Mor , Barry C. Sanders

In the rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field of quantum information science and technology, a major obstacle is the need to understand advanced mathematics to solve complex problems. Current findings in educational research suggest that…

Cryptographic key exchange protocols traditionally rely on computational conjectures such as the hardness of prime factorisation to provide security against eavesdropping attacks. Remarkably, quantum key distribution protocols like the one…

This paper describes an algorithmic system called SQT for the computer simulation of a wide class of quantum experiments on entangled particles. SQT maintains a hidden internal state for each particle and it provides an initialization…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-11-28 John R Rankin

Achieving high-fidelity quantum gates is crucial for reliable quantum computing. However, decoherence and control pulse imperfections pose significant challenges in realizing the theoretical fidelity of quantum gates in practical systems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Shihui Zhang , Zibo Miao , Yu Pan , Sibo Tao , Yu Chen

Quantum entanglement is a building block of the entangled quantum networks of the quantum Internet. A fundamental problem of the quantum Internet is entanglement distribution. Since quantum entanglement will be fundamental to any future…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-02 Laszlo Gyongyosi , Sandor Imre

As quantum information science and technology (QIST) is becoming more prevalent and occurring not only in research labs but also in industry, many educators are considering how best to incorporate learning about quantum mechanics into…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-03-13 Victoria Borish , H. J. Lewandowski

Quantum computing introduces abstract concepts and non-intuitive behaviors that can be challenging for students to grasp through traditional lecture-based instruction alone. This paper demonstrates how Project-Based Learning (PBL) can be…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-09-01 Nischal Binod Gautam , Keith Evan Schubert , Enrique P. Blair

A simple protocol which takes advantage of the inherent random times of detections in single photon counting modules is presented for random active basis choices when using entanglement-based protocols for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). It…

In this paper, we present a scheme for quantum key distribution, in which different-frequency photons are used to encode the key. Thses different-frequency photons are produced by an acoustic-optical modulator and two kinds of narrow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Bao-Sen Shi , Yun-Kun Jiang , Guang-Can Guo

We proposed a new scheme for quantum key distribution based on entanglement swapping. By this protocol \QTR{em}{Alice} can securely share a random quantum key with \QTR{em}{Bob}, without transporting any particle.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Chong Li , He-Shan Song , Ling Zhou , Chun-Feng Wu

Quantum machine learning (QML) is an emerging field that investigates the capabilities of quantum computers for learning tasks. While QML models can theoretically offer advantages such as exponential speed-ups, challenges in data loading…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-03 Florian J. Kiwit , Bernhard Jobst , Andre Luckow , Frank Pollmann , Carlos A. Riofrío

Semi-quantum key distribution protocols are designed to allow two parties to establish a shared secret key, secure against an all-powerful adversary, even when one of the users is restricted to measuring and preparing quantum states in one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-15 Omar Amer , Walter O. Krawec

We introduce a representation of any atom in any chemical environment for the generation of efficient quantum machine learning (QML) models of common electronic ground-state properties. The representation is based on scaled distribution…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-04-18 Felix A. Faber , Anders S. Christensen , Bing Huang , O. Anatole von Lilienfeld

The field of quantum information is becoming more known to the general public. However, effectively demonstrating the concepts underneath quantum science and technology to the general public can be a challenging job. We investigate, extend,…

Physics Education · Physics 2020-12-08 Junan Lin , Tal Mor

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has emerged as a critical component of secure communication in the quantum era, ensuring information-theoretic security. Despite its potential, there are issues in optimizing key generation rates, enhancing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Bikash K. Behera , Saif Al-Kuwari , Ahmed Farouk